The Consistency of MJO Teleconnection Patterns: An Explanation Using Linear Rossby Wave Theory

Tseng, Kuo-Hung; Maloney, Eric D.; Barnes, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-18-0211.1

Cited by 74 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar results have been reported by Zhou and Miller (2005), Cassou (2008), L'Heureux and Higgins (2008), Mori and Watanabe (2008), Watanabe (2008), and Franzke et al (2011). Tseng et al (2019) show that PNA-like teleconnection patterns occur preferentially during particular MJO phases, due to diabatic heating anomalies in certain locations and the presence of Rossby-wave source dipoles. The presence of Rossby-wave source anomalies on either side of the subtropical jet stream can enhance the strength of PNA-like teleconnection patterns.…”

Section: An Overviewsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Tseng et al . () show that PNA‐like teleconnection patterns occur preferentially during particular MJO phases, due to diabatic heating anomalies in certain locations and the presence of Rossby‐wave source dipoles. The presence of Rossby‐wave source anomalies on either side of the subtropical jet stream can enhance the strength of PNA‐like teleconnection patterns.…”

Section: Extratropical Responsementioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Systematic decomposition of the MJO and its Northern Hemispheric extratropical response into Rossby and inertio‐gravity components

Franzke¹,

Jelić

Lee

et al. 2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant form of intraseasonal variability in the Tropics. The MJO is a complex convectively coupled phenomenon, which is still poorly represented in the current generation of climate models, and our understanding of its essential dynamics and its influence on the midlatitude circulation is still incomplete. Here, we use a normal‐mode decomposition method to decompose the MJO systematically into Kelvin, inertio‐gravity (IG), and Rossby‐wave components in the ERA‐Interim reanalysis data for the period 1980–2015 to provide a climatology of the eight MJO phases for the Kelvin, IG, and Rossby‐wave components. Our analysis shows that the Rossby modes provide a larger contribution to the magnitude of the MJO in terms of geopotential height and winds than the Kelvin wave and IG modes. Moreover, the kinetic energy associated with the Rossby modes of the MJO accounts for about 93% of the kinetic energy. Our decomposition also shows that the Kelvin wave is the dominant mode in the unbalanced wave part, which is flanked by Rossby waves on both sides of the Equator, consistent with previous studies. The extratropical response to the MJO also consists of both IG and Rossby‐wave components in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The midlatitude MJO response is also linked to well‐known teleconnection patterns like the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Pacific–North American pattern. The transient NH atmospheric response is fast, of the order of 5–7 days. While the extratropical response is dominated by Rossby waves, IG waves also show a prominent response in the NH.

show abstract

Section: An Overviewsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Extratropical Responsementioning

confidence: 97%

Systematic decomposition of the MJO and its Northern Hemispheric extratropical response into Rossby and inertio‐gravity components

Franzke¹,

Jelić

Lee

et al. 2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Days 290 8-18 are chosen based on previous research on MJO teleconnection timescales (e.g. Cassou 2008;Henderson et al 2016;Tseng et al 2019), however, these results are insensitive to variations of +/-5 days. Figure 8 shows the average prediction skill across leads 8-18 days for EQBO in orange (Figure 8a,b) and WQBO in teal (Figure 8c,d) along with average STRIPES values in black for all longitudes.…”

Section: Summary Of Northern Hemisphere Prediction Skillmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MJO is the dominant mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropics (Madden and Julian, 1971;Adames and Kim, 2016), and through its convective heating, modulates midlatitude weather, days to weeks after an MJO event (e.g. Vecchi 2004;Zhou et al 2012;Henderson et al 2016;Tseng et al 2019). Recent research has shown that the QBO impacts MJO amplitude, propagation, and prediction skill (Son et al, 2017;Nishimoto and Yoden, 2017;Zhang and Zhang, 2018;Marshall et al, 2017;Lim et al, 2019) as well as modulates MJO teleconnections (e.g.…”

Section: Summary Of Northern Hemisphere Prediction Skillmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subseasonal Midlatitude Prediction Skill Following QBO-MJO Activity

Mayer¹,

Barnes²

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is known to force extratropical weather days-to-weeks following an MJO event through excitation of stationary Rossby waves, tropical-extratropical teleconnections. Prior research has demonstrated that this tropically forced midlatitude response leads to increased prediction skill on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales. Furthermore, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) has been shown to possibly alter these teleconnections through modulation of the MJO itself and the atmospheric basic state upon which the Rossby waves propagate. This implies that the MJO-QBO relationship may affect midlatitude circulation prediction skill on S2S timescales. In this study, we quantify midlatitude circulation sensitivity and prediction skill following active MJOs and QBOs across the Northern Hemisphere on S2S timescales through an examination of the 500&#8201;hPa geopotential height field. First, a comparison of the spatial distribution of Northern Hemisphere sensitivity to the MJO during different QBO phases is performed for ERA-Interim reanalysis and ECMWF and NCEP hindcasts. Secondly, differences in prediction skill in ECMWF and NCEP hindcasts are quantified following MJO-QBO activity. We find that regions across the Pacific, North America and the Atlantic exhibit increased prediction skill following MJO-QBO activity, but these regions are not always collocated with the locations most sensitive to the MJO under a particular QBO state. Both hindcast systems demonstrate enhanced prediction skill 7&#8211;14 days following active MJO events during strong QBO periods compared to MJO events during neutral QBO periods.</p>

show abstract

“…Rossby gyres flank its convective response, extending into the subtropics (Kiladis et al, ). Rossby waves also emanate poleward from the convective anomaly within the Indo‐Pacific warm pool, generating a Rossby wave train across the northern Pacific and into North America (Henderson et al, ; Seo & Lee, ; Tseng et al, ). Additional midlatitude linkages have been documented in the Southern Hemisphere, wherein the rainfall of Australia, subtropical South America, and Africa can be modulated by the MJO (Alvarez et al, ; Pohl et al, ; Wheeler et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Global Teleconnection Signature of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation and Its Modulation by the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent research has suggested that the tropical and extratropical character of the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) depends on the state of the stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO). With this in mind, we use both reanalysis and a global climate model (CESM2‐WACCM) to analyze the global character of upper tropospheric‐lower stratospheric geopotential height anomalies connected with the MJO and quantify dependencies of these teleconnections on the state of the QBO. We find that the global teleconnection signature of the MJO depends upon the state of the QBO. Globally, within reanalysis the fraction of 20‐ to 90‐day 250‐hPa geopotential height variance linked to the MJO is largest during boreal winter and summer for easterly QBO phases and smallest during westerly QBO phases of boreal winter. The difference between QBO phases is mostly driven by changes in the tropical signature of the MJO, although during boreal winter the Northern Hemispheric teleconnections are particularly more prominent during easterly QBO phases. Otherwise, the QBO modulation of extratropical MJO teleconnections is mainly realized through changes in the locations of the teleconnections. A QBO‐MJO relationship is also apparent within CESM2‐WACCM but is weaker than that observed. This extratropical modulation implies that the regions that benefit from increased subseasonal predictability due to the MJO may also change as a function of the QBO. In a broader sense, these findings emphasize that knowledge of the tropical stratospheric state, particularly as it relates to the QBO, is important for understanding the connections between the MJO and the extratropics.

show abstract

The Consistency of MJO Teleconnection Patterns: An Explanation Using Linear Rossby Wave Theory

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

Systematic decomposition of the MJO and its Northern Hemispheric extratropical response into Rossby and inertio‐gravity components

Systematic decomposition of the MJO and its Northern Hemispheric extratropical response into Rossby and inertio‐gravity components

Subseasonal Midlatitude Prediction Skill Following QBO-MJO Activity

The Global Teleconnection Signature of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation and Its Modulation by the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About