The Concept of Accuracy in Regional Input-Output Models

Jensen, R. C.

doi:10.1177/016001768000500203

Cited by 124 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thus, for these results to be confirmed, more detailed uncertainty data, including correlations, is needed. In addition, since it is also found that the most uncertain data are usually small and have only little impact on the results (Lenzen et al, 2010;Jensen, 1980;Jensen and West, 1980), then it may be more effective to perform targeted sensitivity analysis (Wilting, 2012). Nevertheless, the available literature suggests the variation in economic data may not be that important for consumption-based estimates at the national level, but differences may persist at the sector level (Lenzen et al, 2010;Lenzen, 2011;Wilting, 2012).…”

Section: G P Peters Et Al: a Synthesis Of Carbon In International mentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthesis of carbon in international trade

2012

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Abstract. In a globalised world, the transfer of carbon between regions, either physically or embodied in production, represents a substantial fraction of global carbon emissions. The resulting emission transfers are important for balancing regional carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of emissions. In this paper we synthesise current understanding in two parts: (1) CO 2 emissions embodied in goods and services that are produced in one country but consumed in others, and (2) carbon physically present in fossil fuels, petroleum-derived products, harvested wood products, crops, and livestock products. We describe the key differences between studies and provide a consistent set of estimates using the same definitions, modelling framework, and consistent data. We find the largest trade flows of carbon in international trade in 2004 were fossil fuels (2673 MtC, 37 % of global emissions), CO 2 embodied in traded goods and services (1661 MtC, 22 % of global emissions), crops (522 MtC, 31 % of total harvested crop carbon), petroleum-based products (183 MtC, 50 % of their total production), harvested wood products (149 MtC, 40 % of total roundwood extraction), and livestock products (28 MtC, 22 % of total livestock carbon). We find that for embodied CO 2 emissions, estimates from independent studies are robust, and that differences between individual studies are not a reflection of the uncertainty in consumption-based estimates, but rather these differences result from the use of different production-based emissions input data and different definitions for allocating emissions to international trade. After adjusting for these issues, results across independent studies converge to give less uncertainty than previously assumed. For physical carbon flows there are relatively few studies to be synthesised, but differences between existing studies are due to the method of allocating to international trade, with some studies using "apparent consumption" as opposed to "final consumption". While results across studies are sufficiently robust to be used in further applications, more research is needed to understand differences and to harmonise definitions for particular applications.

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Section: G P Peters Et Al: a Synthesis Of Carbon In International mentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthesis of carbon in international trade

2012

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“…Clearly, there are benefits in avoiding, where possible, the processing and storing of mathematical manipulations that do not improve the overall accuracy of the model (see Jensen, 1980 for a discussion on these points).…”

Section: Transparency In Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A network approach for assembling and linking input–output models

Rodrigues

Marques

Wood

et al. 2016

Economic Systems Research

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Input-output (IO) models, describing trade between different sectors and regions, are widely used to study the environmental repercussions of human activities. A frequent challenge in assembling an IO model or linking several such models is the absence of flow data with the same level of detail for all components. Such problems can be addressed using proportional allocation, which is a form of algebraic transformations. In this paper, we propose a novel approach whereby the IO system is viewed as a network, the topology of which is transformed with the addition of virtual nodes so that available empirical flow data can be mapped directly to existing links, with no additional estimation required, and no impact on results. As IO systems become increasingly disaggregated, and coupled to adjacent databases and models, the adaptability of IO frameworks becomes increasingly important. We show that topological transformations also offer large advantages in terms of transparency, modularity and increasingly importantly for global IO models, efficiency. We illustrate the results in the context of trade linking, multi-scale integration and other applications.

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“…Thus validation is not a test that is reported but a practice where researchers examine and state the degree of validity of the model in question (Jensen 1991). In the process of compiling inputoutput tables errors may be introduced due to factors such as interregional variations in prices, consumption patterns, inter-regional trade relationships, and spatial variations in technology among others (Jackson 2001 Jensen (1980) distinguishes between these two terms in the context of deriving synthetic tables. A partitive accuracy focuses on cell by cell precision in a statistical sense within inputoutput tables, while holistic accuracy centers on identifying the main features of the economy in a descriptive sense and preserves the importance of these features in an analytical sense.…”

Section: Verification and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A partitive accuracy focuses on cell by cell precision in a statistical sense within inputoutput tables, while holistic accuracy centers on identifying the main features of the economy in a descriptive sense and preserves the importance of these features in an analytical sense. Also, partitive accuracy maintains that the table will be holistically accurate; but holistic accuracy does not guarantee a high degree of partitive accuracy (Jensen 1980 Table 8. The results are based upon implementing the tiered approach for identifying the fundamental economic structure and the associated fundamental economic structure characteristics.…”

Section: Verification and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Regional Fundamental Economic Structure (FES) of India: An Input-Output and Field of Influence Approach

Thakur¹

2010

The Rise of China and India

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This study provides an understanding of the Indian regional economy utilizing the fundamental economic structure (FES) approach. The FES construct implies that selected characteristics of an economy will vary predictably with region size, as measured by net state domestic product, population, and total gross output. The big question addressed in this study is if identifiable patterns of relations between various macro aggregates and economic transactions can be revealed via regional input-output tables. Jensen et al. (1988) discuss the tiered, partitioned, and temporal approaches to the identification of FES using input-output tables. This research addresses the following four questions: (1) Does a regional FES exist for the Indian economy during the period 1965? (2) What proportions of the cells are predictable? (3) Can the 1965 regional FES predict 1983-84 table for Punjab economy? (4) Does regional FES manifest an enhanced understanding of the Indian regional structure? Regression analyses are used to identify the FES and non-FES cells for the Indian regional economy. The regional input-output tables for 21 States and Union Territories provide data for the analysis. Analysis reveals regional FES includes primary and secondary sectors as components of FES. This research has extended the notion of FES to include: weak, moderate and strong FES cells.

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The Concept of Accuracy in Regional Input-Output Models

Cited by 124 publications

References 12 publications

A synthesis of carbon in international trade

A synthesis of carbon in international trade

A network approach for assembling and linking input–output models

Identification of Regional Fundamental Economic Structure (FES) of India: An Input-Output and Field of Influence Approach

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