The combined influence of rootstock and vintage climate on the grape and wine flavonoids of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon in eastern China

Abstract

Rootstocks are commonly utilized owing to their resistance to abiotic and biotic stress in viticulture. This study evaluated the effects of three rootstocks (1103P, SO4, and 5A) on the Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) vine growth, and their berries and wines flavonoids profiles in four consecutive vintages. The results showed that 1103P increased the pruning weight of CS and decreased the anthocyanin concentration in berries and wines, especially in the vintages with more rainy and cloudy days. 5A tended to decrease the pruning weight of CS and increase the anthocyanin concentration in berries and wines. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed that the concentrations of total anthocyanins, F3’H-anthocyanins, malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mv-glu), and malvidin-3-O-acetylglucoside (Mv-acglu) were the key substances affected by the rootstocks in CS berries and were significantly decreased by 1103P. Total anthocyanins, pinotins, Mv-glu, epicatechin, and vitisins were the rootstock-sensitive compounds that commonly differed in wines among the three comparison groups in the two vintages. Furthermore, 1103P brought more brightness to the wine and 5A gave the wine more red tones. In conclusion, rootstock 5A was recommended in the rainy and cloudy climate regions with regard to the berry flavonoids accumulation and the wine color.

Agronomic performance and wine phenolic composition of ‘Merlot’ grown in altitude region with different rootstocks

“…These results agree with the work of Pouget (1986), who clearly demonstrated that vines with large canopies, induced by the rootstock, tend to prolong fruit maturation, in comparison with vines grafted onto low vigor genotypes, which in turn tend to accelerate the maturation process. This trend has also been reported in other studies (Brighenti et al, 2011;Keller et al, 2011;Neal et al, 2014;Jogaiah et al, 2015;Han et al, 2022).…”

“…Regarding the maturation of 'Merlot', similar data were observed by Han et al (2022), which also reported the impact of rootstocks on total acidity and pH of the juice, without influencing soluble solids content. Nascimento et al (2022), evaluated the effects of different rootstocks on 'Magna' variety and they observed similar behavior for these variables.…”

“…Similar to previous reports, '1103 P' tended to increase scion pruning weights (Keller et al, 2012). According to Han et al (2022), '1103 P' is a hybrid rootstock, with 'V. rupestris' and 'V.…”

“…Several studies have reported the influence of rootstocks on grape and wine composition, however, there is considerable variability in the results. According to Han et al (2022), some research indicated that rootstocks with different characteristics confer different phenotypic traits to the scion. For example, rootstocks with high vigor increase yield and pruning weight, as well as the titratable acid content in the juice.…”

Effect of Natural Variation and Rootstock on Fruit Quality and Volatile Organic Compounds of ‘Kiyomi tangor’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) Citrus

“…However, it is noteworthy that rootstock (Pt) had a significant effect on the accumulation of total flavonoids in MT pulp (Figure 3). Similar results have been observed in grapes [38] and apples [39]. Among the flavonoid components, we detected only naringin and rutin; neohesperidin and naringenin were not detected (Figure 4).…”