The colour sensitivity of a colour matching recipe

Sluban, Boris; Nobbs, J. H.

doi:10.1002/col.5080200405

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5][6][7] This formula was developed by the Colour Measurement Committee (CMC), Society of Dyers and Colourists, Great Britain, and is referred to as the CMC (ᐉ:c) color difference formula. 8 ⌬E CMC(l:c) ϭ ͱͩ ⌬L*…”

Section: Color Difference (⌬E) Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color acceptance of direct dental restorative materials by human observers

Ragain¹,

2000

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The purposes of this study were to evaluate the CIELAB, CMC (2:1), and CMC (1:1) formulas to identify which provides the best indicator for acceptability of small color differences in the esthetic dental restorative materials, to determine if different groups of observers have different levels of acceptability, and to estimate the color difference that would indicate acceptability between a restoration and an adjacent tooth. The subject population of human observers was divided into four groups, each containing 12 subjects. The composition of the groups were: Group 1, dental auxiliaries and hygienists; Group 2, dentists; Group 3, dental materials scientists; and Group 4, patients. A color vision screening test was administered to each subject to ensure that only observers with normal color vision were evaluated. A composite resin color discrimination test was developed specifically for this study. This test was composed of six sets of discs fabricated from dental composite resin restorative materials. Each set consisted of one standard disc representing tooth color. In each set, six discs representing composite resin restorations were matched to the standard disc for a total of 36 pairings in the test. Color differences between the standard discs and the restoration discs were calculated in CIELAB, CMC (1:1), and CMC (2:1) color units. The subjects were asked to evaluate the composite resin materials as to acceptability of color differences between the disc pairs. The data were analyzed by logistic regression analysis for each observer and by each ⌬E formula to generate receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves. The areas under these ROC curves were calculated and ranked. ANOVA and Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD) Test were applied to the ranks. In regard to the acceptance of dental restorations based solely on color difference, the CMC (1:1) color difference formula gave better correlation than the CIELAB formula for small color differences in the esthetic dental restorative materials. There were significant differences found between the experiment groups in regard to acceptability of color differences using the CMC (1:1) and CIELAB formulas. The dental hygienist/auxiliaries group proved to be more discriminating in accepting differences between tooth and composite resin restorative material color than patients. The mean 50:50 ⌬E replacement points for all subjects were 2.29 and 2.72 color units for the CMC (1:1) and CIELAB formulas, respectively.

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Section: Color Difference (⌬E) Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color acceptance of direct dental restorative materials by human observers

Ragain¹,

2000

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“…Reasoning, similar to that presented in articles, 2,4 leads to the definition of partial strength sensitivities and their numerical estimates.…”

Section: Remarkmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The color strength of a dye could be defined as a measure of its ability to impart color to other material, it is characterized by the absorption in the visible spectrum. 1 A concept of color sensitivity of a recipe was developed by Sluban and Nobbs, 2 when the random (weighing) errors in colorant concentrations are the only reason for variations in the recipe color of repeat dyeings. However, errors in effective concentration are related to weighing errors and the variation in tinctorial strength from changes in mixing and dyeing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The total colorant sensitivity of a color matching recipe: An approach to colorant weighting and tinctorial strength errors

Peyvandi

Amirshahi

Sluban

2008

Color Research & Application

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The repeatability of the recipe color can be affected by several different types of inevitable inaccuracies in the coloration process. Two of the major causes of poor target-color reproducibility are the (random) weighing and (proportional) strength errors. This article describes alternative definitions of colorant strength sensitivity and total colorant sensitivity of a dyeing recipe. The influences of the maximal colorant weighing and strength errors are taken into account in order to bring the magnitudes of the two treated types of sensitivity into a mutually realistic balance between each other. The quantifications of precision and accuracy of a color matching recipe are also developed and combined into a singlenumber measure of recipe quality. The listed quantities are expected to be useful in selecting the most reliable one(s) among the different formulations for the same standard color. The methods are presented for calculating numerical estimates of the newly introduced quantities. The precision and accuracy of the coloration process are investigated in laboratory experiments involving repeated dyeings.

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“…Remark 1 The CIE L * C * h and CMC( l : c )/CIE94 versions of the OMP can be calculated as explained in earlier work .…”

Section: Definition and Calculation Of The Observer Metamerism Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

A general metric for the magnitude of observer metamerism

Sluban

Peyvandi

Avval

et al. 2014

Coloration Technology

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Observer metamerism is defined as a property of a pair of spectrally different stimuli having the same colour sensation for an individual (reference) observer. Frequently, samples in this pair no longer match if the observer is changed. In this article, a linear approximation formula is developed that predicts a metameric effect caused by small changes in the observer's colour‐matching functions. This approximation formula enables a general metric of observer metamerism, the observer metamerism potential, to be defined that is independent of any particular deviated observer but still provides a close link to ‘observer‐metameric’ colour difference. Numerical experiments were conducted to investigate the correlation between the observer metamerism potential and the maximum of 53 metameric colour differences caused by the change from the colour‐matching functions of CIE standard 10° observer to the colour‐matching functions of 49 Stiles and Burch's real 10° test observers. The proposed general metric, together with a previous metric proposed by the present authors, the illuminant metamerism potential, could be taken as a quantitative measure of the performance of spectral approximation methods.

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The colour sensitivity of a colour matching recipe

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Color acceptance of direct dental restorative materials by human observers

Color acceptance of direct dental restorative materials by human observers

The total colorant sensitivity of a color matching recipe: An approach to colorant weighting and tinctorial strength errors

A general metric for the magnitude of observer metamerism

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