The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: Report of an IFCN committee

Chen, Robert; Cros, Didier; Currà, Antonio; Lazzaro, Vincenzo Di; Lefaucheur, Jean‐Pascal; Magistris, Michel R.; Mills, Kerry; Rösler, Kai M.; Triggs, William J.; Ugawa, Yoshikazu; Ziemann, Ulf

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2007.10.014

Cited by 527 publications

(438 citation statements)

References 455 publications

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“…Paired pulse TMS is generally used to examine the effects of excitatory or inhibitory pathways in the motor cortex and the effects last less than a second (Chen, 2000; Chen et al., 2008). All participants were naive to the technique of TMS and its outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medium latency muscle response to a vestibular perturbation is increased after depression of the cerebellar vermis

et al. 2017

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IntroductionGalvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) is able to evoke distinct responses in the muscles used for balance. These reflexes, termed the short (SL) and medium latency (ML) responses, can be altered by sensory input; decreasing in size when additional sensory cues are available. Although much is known about these responses, the origin and role of the responses are still not fully understood. It has been suggested that the cerebellum, a structure that is involved in postural control and sensory integration, may play a role in the modulation of these reflexes.MethodsThe cerebellar vermis was temporarily depressed using continuous theta burst stimulation and SL, ML and overall vestibular electromyographic and force plate shear response amplitudes were compared before and after cerebellar depression.ResultsThere were no changes in force plate shear amplitude and a non‐significant increase for the SL muscle response (p = .071), however, we did find significant increases in the ML and overall vestibular muscle response amplitudes after cerebellar depression (p = .026 and p = .016, respectively). No changes were evoked when a SHAM stimulus was used.DiscussionThese results suggest that the cerebellar vermis plays a role in the modulation of vestibular muscle reflex responses to GVS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medium latency muscle response to a vestibular perturbation is increased after depression of the cerebellar vermis

et al. 2017

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“…The MEPs and CMCTs might be influenced with age. However, Chen et al [24] reported that CMCT has no correlation or only a weak correlation with age in adults. An MEP study with TMS is a useful and noninvasive screening tool for myelopathy patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of myelopathy patients using motor evoked potentials produced by transcranial magnetic stimulation

et al. 2009

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Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) study using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may give a functional assessment of corticospinal conduction. But there are no large studies on MEPs using TMS in myelopathy patients. The purpose of this study is to confirm the usefulness of MEPs for the assessment of the myelopathy and to investigate the use of MEPs using TMS as a screening tool for myelopathy. We measured the MEPs of 831 patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of myelopathy using TMS. The MEPs from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) and abductor hallucis (AH) muscles were evoked by transcranial magnetic brain stimulation. Central motor conduction time (CMCT) is calculated by subtracting the peripheral conduction time from the MEP latency. Later, 349 patients had surgery for myelopathy (operative group) and 482 patients were treated conservatively (nonoperative group). CMCTs in the operative group and nonoperative group were assessed. MEPs were prolonged in 711 patients (86%) and CMCTs were prolonged in 493 patients (59%) compared with the control patients. CMCTs from the ADM and AH in the operative group were significantly more prolonged than that in the nonoperative group. All patients in the operative group showed prolongation of MEPs or CMCTs or multiphase of the MEP wave. MEP abnormalities are useful for an electrophysiological evaluation of myelopathy patients. Moreover, MEPs may be effective parameters in spinal pathology for deciding the operative treatment.

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“…But we think that MEP is not specific for this pathology. MEP is a sensitive method to detect abnormalities of corticospinal pathways even in the absence of radiological changes [2]. In the event, myelopathy was the presenting manifestation we think that in such situation MEP could not be helpful for diagnosis of hepatic myelopathy.…”

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confidence: 91%

Answer to the letter to the editor of R. Nardone et al. concerning “Hepatic myelopathy with spastic paraparesis: report of two cases and review of the literature” (by Sana Ben Amor et al. (2013), Eur Spine J; DOI 10.1007/s00586-013-2828-z)

et al. 2013

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The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: Report of an IFCN committee

Cited by 527 publications

References 455 publications

The medium latency muscle response to a vestibular perturbation is increased after depression of the cerebellar vermis

The medium latency muscle response to a vestibular perturbation is increased after depression of the cerebellar vermis

Quantitative assessment of myelopathy patients using motor evoked potentials produced by transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer to the letter to the editor of R. Nardone et al. concerning “Hepatic myelopathy with spastic paraparesis: report of two cases and review of the literature” (by Sana Ben Amor et al. (2013), Eur Spine J; DOI 10.1007/s00586-013-2828-z)

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