The clinical and economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA

Guarascio, Anthony J.; Ray, Shaunta’ M.; Finch, Christopher K.; Self, Timothy H.

doi:10.2147/ceor.s34321

Cited by 266 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…It is the third most common cause of death in the USA. It is estimated that the healthcare-related cost for COPD was approximately US$50 billion in 2010(1). These costs can be expected to continue to rise with this progressive disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends in Outcomes, Financial Burden, and Mortality for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the United States from 2002 to 2010

Jinjuvadia

Mandapakala

et al. 2016

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the cause of substantial economic and social burden. We evaluated the temporal trends of hospitalizations from acute exacerbation of COPD and determine its outcome and financial impact using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) databases (2002 to 2010). Individuals with age ≥ 18 years were included. Subjects who were hospitalized with primary diagnosis of COPD exacerbation and those who were admitted for other causes; but had underlying acute exacerbation of COPD (secondary diagnosis) were captured by ICD-9 codes. The hospital outcomes and length of stay were determined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of inpatient mortality. Overall acute exacerbation of COPD related hospitalizations accounted for nearly 3.31% of all hospitalizations in year 2002. This did not change significantly to year 2010 (3.43%, p=0.608). However, there was an increase in hospitalization with secondary diagnosis of COPD. Elderly white patients accounted for most of the hospitalizations. Medicare was the primary payer source for most of the hospitalizations (73%–75%). There was a significant decrease in inpatient mortality from 4.8% in 2002 to 3.9% in 2010 (slope −0.096, p<.001). Similarly, there was significant decrease in average length of stay from 6.4 days in 2002 to 6.0 days in 2010 (slope −0.042, p<.001). Despite this the hospitalization cost was increased substantially from $22,187 in 2002 to $38,455 in 2010. However, financial burden has increased over the years.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These costs can be expected to continue to rise with this progressive disease. Costs increase with increasing severity of disease, and hospital stays account for the majority of these costs(1). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Outcomes, Financial Burden, and Mortality for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the United States from 2002 to 2010

Jinjuvadia

Mandapakala

et al. 2016

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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“…COPD is a disease associated with substantial economic burden worldwide 5,6. Previous studies conducted in China showed that COPD was also costly and imposed an enormous economic burden on both families and society in the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in urban areas of China: a cross-sectional study in four cities

Chen

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

COPD

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PurposeThe economic burden of COPD has not been well studied in China. This study investigated the total costs caused by COPD and the influencing factors for the high economic burden in urban areas of China.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among 678 COPD patients in four cities in China in 2011. The average annual direct medical costs (DMCs), direct nonmedical costs (DNMCs), and indirect costs (ICs) on COPD were measured by median and mean (± standard deviation). Logistic regression model was used to explore factors related to high total costs on COPD.ResultsThe median annual DMCs, DNMCs, and ICs per COPD patient were RMB 5565 Yuan (US$ 862), 0 Yuan (US$ 0), and 0 Yuan (US$ 0), respectively, and the mean annual DMCs, DNMCs, and ICs per COPD patient were RMB 11968 (±22422) Yuan [US$ 1853 (±3472)], 539 (±2092) Yuan [US$ 83 (±324)], and 2087 (±8110) Yuan [US$ 323 (±1256)], respectively. The annual DMCs, DNMCs, and ICs for diagnosed COPD patients were RMB 195.70 billion Yuan (US$ 30.30 billion), 8.78 billion Yuan (US$ 1.36 billion), and 34.10 billion Yuan (US$ 5.28 billion), respectively, in China. Hospitalization accounted for 56.7% of the total costs. High economic burden was significantly related to age, acute exacerbations, and disease severity in COPD patients.ConclusionCOPD posed a heavy economic burden in China. Measures to delay the disease progression and to reduce the risks of acute exacerbation and hospitalization will help substantially lower the costs for COPD care.

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“…With increasing prevalence, the economic burden of COPD is also increasing. In 2010, the estimated cost of COPD in the USA was $50 billion, which included $20 billion of indirect costs and $30 billion of direct health care expenditures 2. Although more studies have recently investigated the economic burden of COPD, existing data show remarkable variations due to differences in survey methods, diagnostic criteria, and analytic approaches 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend of cost and utilization of COPD medication in Korea

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

COPD

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BackgroundThere are only a few longitudinal studies regarding medical utilization and costs for patients with COPD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of medical utilization and costs on a long-term basis.MethodsUsing the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) data from 2008 to 2013, COPD patients were identified. The trend of medical utilization and costs was also analyzed.ResultsThe number of COPD patients increased by 13.9% from 2008 to 2013. During the same period, the cost of COPD medication increased by 78.2%. Methylxanthine and systemic beta agonists were most widely prescribed between 2008 and 2013. However, inhaled medications such as long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA), long-acting muscarinic agonist, and inhaled corticosteroid plus LABA were dispensed to a relatively low proportion of patients with COPD. The number of patients who were prescribed inhaled medications increased gradually from 2008 to 2013, while the number of patients prescribed systemic beta agonist and methylxanthine has decreased since 2010.ConclusionThis study shows that there is a large gap between the COPD guidelines and clinical practice in Korea. Training programs for primary care physicians on diagnosis and guideline-based treatment are needed to improve the management of COPD.

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The clinical and economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA

Cited by 266 publications

References 72 publications

Trends in Outcomes, Financial Burden, and Mortality for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the United States from 2002 to 2010

Trends in Outcomes, Financial Burden, and Mortality for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the United States from 2002 to 2010

Costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in urban areas of China: a cross-sectional study in four cities

Trend of cost and utilization of COPD medication in Korea

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