The Circadian-clock Regulates the <i>Arabidopsis</i> Gravitropic Response

Tolsma, Joseph S; Ryan, Kaetlyn T.; Torres, Jacob J.; Richards, Jeffrey T.; Richardson, Zach; Land, Eric; Perera, Imara Y.; Doherty, Colleen J.

doi:10.2478/gsr-2021-0014

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Each experiment included at least 30 repetitions. Experiments were carried out over a range of times during the day, and any circadian contributions ( 51 ) are expected to be negligible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants sum and subtract stimuli over different timescales

Rivière,

Meroz

2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Mounting evidence suggests that plants engage complex computational processes to quantify and integrate sensory information over time, enabling remarkable adaptive growth strategies. However, quantitative understanding of these computational processes is limited. We report experiments probing the dependence of gravitropic responses of wheat coleoptiles on previous stimuli. First, building on a mathematical model that identifies this dependence as a form of memory, or a filter, we use experimental observations to reveal the mathematical principles of how coleoptiles integrate multiple stimuli over time. Next, we perform two-stimulus experiments, informed by model predictions, to reveal fundamental computational processes. We quantitatively show that coleoptiles respond not only to sums but also to differences between stimuli over different timescales, constituting evidence that plants can compare stimuli—crucial for search and regulation processes. These timescales also coincide with oscillations observed in gravitropic responses of wheat coleoptiles, suggesting shoots may combine memory and movement in order to enhance posture control and sensing capabilities.

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“…Each experiment included at least 30 repetitions. Experiments were carried out over a range of times during the day, and any circadian contributions ( 51 ) are expected to be negligible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants sum and subtract stimuli over different timescales

Rivière,

Meroz

2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The circadian rhythm of A. thaliana regulates the daily oscillation of about one third of the genome (Covington et al, 2008). One of the many processes regulated by the circadian clock is gravitropism (Tolsma et al, 2021). Many experiments conducted in reduced gravity are done so in a constant light and/ or darkness, which disrupts the circadian rhythm (Figure 3).…”

Section: Circadian Rhythms In Microgravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

-Omics studies of plant biology in spaceflight: A critical review of recent experiments

Hughes

Kiss

2022

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Researchers have been studying transcriptomic and proteomic responses of plants to ranges of reduced gravitational conditions. These include blue and red light in microgravity, circadian rhythms in microgravity, microgravity in different ecotypes, microgravity on suborbital flights, and they have using a variety of experimental equipment. Recent findings have linked microgravity and transcriptomic changes in genes relating to cell wall synthesis and modification, oxidative stress, abiotic stressors, phytohormones, sugar synthesis and metabolism, ribosomal biogenesis, and plant defense to other organisms. Although we have a better-established profile of the transcriptomic response of plants to reduced gravity, some areas of study have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The initial stages and progression of transcriptional responses to microgravity, the responses of additional plant species, and tissue-specific transcriptional responses to microgravity should all be further investigated in order to better develop our understanding of how plants react to a reduced gravity environment. In the near future, advancing technology, rapidly growing databases, and an increasing number of spaceflight opportunities will allow for more research to be conducted to address these and many other related questions in plant space biology.

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Design of Spaceflight Hardware for Plant Growth in a Sealed Habitat for Experiments on the Moon

Bowman

McKay

Kiss

2022

Gravitational and Space Research

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Plant growth experiments on near-term lunar landers need to be relatively small, lightweight, and self-contained. Here, we report on the design of a ~1 liter volume (1U Cubesat size) hermetically sealed habitat suitable for plant growth experiments during the first 10 days of seedling development of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica nigra. Images from a single interior camera show germination and provide quantitative data on seedling height, leaf area, and circumnutations. After 10 days with illumination from LEDs, the photosynthetic area of Arabidopsis cotyledons per seedling reached 300 mm2. Seedling height, inferred from the overhead camera using reference markers, reached was 15 ± 5 mm. Robust circumnutation in seedlings was observed. CO2 increased as expected due to respiration in the seeds during germination reaching levels of 5000 ppm after 3 days before declining to 3000 ppm on day 10 due to photosynthetic uptake. No CO2 was added to the sealed chamber during the experiments. These results show that fundamental studies of germination and initial growth can be conducted in a small volume (1 L) hermetically sealed unit with only an overhead camera and CO2 sensor. Hardware based on this approach would be suitable for lunar experiments on robotic landers.

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The Circadian-clock Regulates the Arabidopsis Gravitropic Response

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Plants sum and subtract stimuli over different timescales

Plants sum and subtract stimuli over different timescales

-Omics studies of plant biology in spaceflight: A critical review of recent experiments

Design of Spaceflight Hardware for Plant Growth in a Sealed Habitat for Experiments on the Moon

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