The Chota basin and its significance for the inception and tectonic setting of the inter-Andean depression in Ecuador

Winkler, Wilfried; Villagómez, Diego; Spikings, Richard; Abegglen, Peter; Tobler, Stefan; Eguez, Arturo

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2004.06.006

Cited by 59 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Miocene compressive to transpressive pulses at 19 and 10-9 Ma are recorded by deformed intramontane basin deposits of the main arc region (Hungerbühler 1997;Hungerbühler et al 2002), while opening of the Inter-Andean Depression as a ramp (and, locally, half ramp) basin has taken place in a transpressional setting since ca. 6 Ma (Winkler et al 2005). These events tend to broadly correlate in time with compressive pulses recorded elsewhere in the Andes (e.g., northerncentral Peru; Benavides-Cáceres 1999; Noble and McKee 1999).…”

Section: Tertiary Geodynamic and Tectonic Setting At The Ecuadorian Mmentioning

confidence: 63%

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Metallogenic features of Miocene porphyry Cu and porphyry-related mineral deposits in Ecuador revealed by Re-Os, 40Ar/39Ar, and U-Pb geochronology

et al. 2011

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Mineralization and alteration events at ten Miocene porphyry Cu and porphyry-related epithermal mineral deposits in southern, central, and northern Ecuador were dated by means of molybdenite Re-Os, biotite and alunite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar, and titanite U-Pb geochronology. Most of these hydrothermal events show a spatio-temporal correlation with porphyry intrusion emplacement as constrained by zircon U-Pb ages. The total age range for these events spans the 23.5-6.1 Ma period, without displaying systematic along-or across-arc age distribution trends. While epithermal deposits tend to be spatially associated with volcanic rocks of a similar age, porphyry Cu deposits in Ecuador are frequently spatially associated with deeper-seated basement units and batholith-scale precursor intrusive systems assembled over ≥5 m.y. time periods. In most cases, formation of the porphyry Cu deposits is related to the -011-0378-z youngest magmatic (-hydrothermal) event in a given area, postdating batholith construction at a regional scale. The majority of Miocene deposits occurs in southern Ecuador where areally extensive, post-mineralization (late Miocene to recent) volcanic sequences with the potential to conceal mineralization at depth are lacking. Only few Miocene deposits occur in northern-central Ecuador, where they mainly crop out in the Western Cordillera, west of the productive present-day volcanic arc. The surface distribution of post-mineralization arc volcanism reflects along-arc variations in subducting slab geometry. Porphyry Cu and epithermal deposits in Ecuador define a Miocene metallogenic belt broadly continuous with its coeval counterpart in northern-central Peru. Although both belt segments were formed in an overall similar tectonomagmatic and metallogenic setting, their respective metal endowments differ significantly.Miner Deposita (2012) 47:383-410 DOI 10.1007/s00126

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Section: Tertiary Geodynamic and Tectonic Setting At The Ecuadorian Mmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…2,000-3,000 ma.s.l. ; Winkler et al 2005), and the coastal ("Costa") forearc sliver. Major faults or inferred faults (thin dashed lines; see Figs.…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallogenic features of Miocene porphyry Cu and porphyry-related mineral deposits in Ecuador revealed by Re-Os, 40Ar/39Ar, and U-Pb geochronology

et al. 2011

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“…Although these relationships are compatible with an elevated pre-Neogene orogen, marine fossils indicate that some hinterland areas remained at low elevation until 15-10 Ma (Hungerb€ uhler et al, 1995(Hungerb€ uhler et al, , 2002. Most basins are bounded by strike-slip and reverse faults near potential pre-Cenozoic sutures, suggesting subsidence in transpressional settings involving possible fault reactivation (Hungerb€ uhler et al, 2002;Winkler et al, 2005). Although complicated by terrane accretion in westernmost Colombia, Cretaceous and Cenozoic basin evolution is attributed to a temporal transition from regional extension to shortening (Dengo and Covey, 1993;Cooper et al, 1995).…”

Section: Cretaceous Stratamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cenozoic Evolution of Hinterland Basins in the Andes and Tibet

Horton

2011

Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins

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Sedimentary basins have been generated in hinterland regions of the Andean and Himalayan-Tibetan orogens during Cenozoic plate convergence. These hinterland basins record nonmarine sediment accumulation (commonly in high-elevation, lowrelief, internally drained, arid/semiarid settings) during protracted deformation and surface uplift of continental crust. In South America, Andean hinterland basins are produced between the western magmatic arc and craton-directed fold-thrust belt to the east. In the India-Asia collision zone, hinterland basins develop as elements of the growing Tibetan plateau between the Himalayan thrust belt and Asian plate interior to the north. Hinterland sedimentary basins in the Andes and Tibet are distinguished from foreland basins adjacent to their respective fold-thrust belts by structural position, elevation, and stratigraphic evolution. Sediment accommodation in these hinterland basins is created by flexure, fault-induced subsidence, and topographic ponding, with common examples of remnant foreland basins succeeded by younger hinterland basins.

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“…Further south in the Interandean Valley in the Latacunga area, a series of Pliocene-Quaternary stratovolcanoes are chronologically linked to the presence of reverse faults (Winkler et al, 2005) (Fig. 2), including a location above the hanging wall of the Pisayambo reverse fault along the eastern side of the valley.…”

Section: Subduction Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, field and geophysical data demonstrate that the entire history of development of cano names refer to cases described in the text. Based on data from Barberi et al (1988), Tibaldi (2005a, b), Tibaldi and Ferrari (1992), Winkler et al (2005), Tibaldi et al (2007) the El Reventador volcano occurred within a contractional tectonic settings with reverse to reverse-oblique faulting (Tibaldi, 2005b). The Quaternary Sumaco and Sangay, and the Pliocene Pan de Azucar and Cerro Negro are all located within the Napo uplift, a block defined by two major west-dipping reverse faults that underwent major uplift and compression during PlioQuaternary times (Pasquarè et al, 1990;Spikings et al, 2000).…”

Section: Subduction Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanism in Reverse and Strike-Slip Fault Settings

Tibaldi

Pasquarè

Tormey³

2009

New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

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Traditionally volcanism is thought to require an extensional state of stress in the crust. This review examines recent relevant data demonstrating that volcanism occurs also in compressional tectonic settings associated with reverse and strike-slip faulting. Data describing the tectonic settings, structural analysis, analogue modelling, petrology, and geochemistry, are integrated to provide a comprehensive presentation of this topic. An increasing amount of field data describes stratovolcanoes in areas of coeval reverse faulting, and shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, and monogenic edifices along strike-slip faults, whereas calderas are mostly associated with pull-apart structures in transcurrent regimes. Physically-scaled analogue experiments simulate the propagation of magma in these settings, and taken together with data from subvolcanic magma bodies, they provide insight into the magma paths followed from the crust to the surface. In several transcurrent tectonic plate boundary regions, volcanoes are aligned along both the strikeslip faults and along fractures normal to the local least principal stress (σ 3 ). At subduction zones, intraarc tectonics is frequently characterised by contraction or transpression. In intra-plate tectonic settings, volcanism can develop in conjunction with reverse faults or strike slip faults. In most of these cases, magma appears to reach the surface along fractures striking parallel to the local σ 1 . In some cases, there is a direct geometric control by the substrate strikeslip or reverse fault: magma is transported beneath A. Tibaldi ( ) Department of Geological Sciences and Geotechnologies, University of Milan-Bicocca, Italy e-mail: alessandro.tibaldi@unimib.it the volcano to the surface along the main faults, irrespective of the orientation of σ 3 . The petrology and geochemistry of lavas erupted in compressive stress regimes indicate longer crustal residence times, and higher degrees of lower crustal and upper crustal melts contributing to the evolving magmas when compared to lavas from extensional stress regimes. Small volumes of magma tend to rise to shallow crustal levels, and magma mixing is common in the compressional regimes. In detailed studies from the Andes and Anatolia, with geographic and temporal coverage with which to compare compressional, transcurrent and extensional episodes in the same location, there do not appear to be changes to the mantle or crustal source materials that constitute the magmas. Rather, as the stress regime becomes more compressional, the magma transport pathways become more diffuse, and the crustal residence time and crustal interaction increases.

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The Chota basin and its significance for the inception and tectonic setting of the inter-Andean depression in Ecuador

Cited by 59 publications

References 22 publications

Metallogenic features of Miocene porphyry Cu and porphyry-related mineral deposits in Ecuador revealed by Re-Os, 40Ar/39Ar, and U-Pb geochronology

Metallogenic features of Miocene porphyry Cu and porphyry-related mineral deposits in Ecuador revealed by Re-Os, 40Ar/39Ar, and U-Pb geochronology

Cenozoic Evolution of Hinterland Basins in the Andes and Tibet

Volcanism in Reverse and Strike-Slip Fault Settings

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