The changing gender landscape of pediatric urology fellowship: results from a survey of fellows and recent graduates

Wang, L. C.; Mittal, Angela G.; Puttmann, Kathleen; Janzen, Nicolette; Palmer, Lane S.; Yerkes, Elizabeth B.; Ryan, Sheila L.; Gonzales, Edmond T.; Roth, David R.; Koh, Chester J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.09.001

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the present study, physician was the profession most reported, and the vast majority of professionals were women, in agreement with past research that has observed increased numbers of women in medical schools and residency programs around the world (21,22). The result of the present study was different from that of research on MD/PhD programs in Canada and the United States, which found that men were the predominant gender (9,10,13,20).…”

Section: ' Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Silva

Trindade

Cruz

et al. 2020

Clinics

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the personal and professional characteristics, and the physical, psychiatric/psychological, and professional issues that exist among master's-, doctoral-, and post-doctoral-level health professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional, online, self-reported survey of 452 postgraduates who completed master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degrees in one graduate program in pediatrics in Sã o Paulo, Brazil, was conducted. RESULTS: The response rate was 47% (211/453). The majority of participants were women (78%) and physicians (74%), and the median age was 47 years (28-71). Master's, doctoral, and post-doctoral degrees were reported by 73%, 53%, and 3%, respectively. High workload (440 hours/week) occurred in 59%, and 45% earned X15 minimum wages/month. At least one participation in scientific meeting in the past year was reported by 91%, and 79% had published their research. Thirty-nine percent served as a member of a faculty of an institution of higher learning. The data were analyzed by two age groups: participants aged p48 years (group 1) and participants aged 448 years (group 2). The median rating of overall satisfaction with the profession in the past year [8 (0-10) vs. 9 (1-10), p=0.0113]; workload 440 hours/week (53% vs. 68%, p=0.034); and X15 minimum wages/month (37% vs. 56%, p=0.0083) were significantly lower in group 1. Further analysis by gender revealed that the median rating of overall satisfaction with the profession in the past year [8 (0-10) vs. 9 (3-10), p=0.0015], workload 440 hours/week (53% vs. 83%, p=0.0002), and X15 minimum wages/month (37% vs. 74%, p=0.0001) were significantly lower in women compared with men. The median rating of overall satisfaction with the mentorship supervision provided was significantly higher among the women 10 (5-10) vs. 10 (2-10), p=0.0324]. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of master's-, doctoral-, and post-doctoral-level health professionals were women and physicians, and had published their thesis. Younger postgraduates and women reported low salaries, less likelihood of working 440 hours/week, and less overall satisfaction with their profession. Further longitudinal and qualitative studies are warranted to assess career trajectories after graduation.

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Section: ' Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Silva

Trindade

Cruz

et al. 2020

Clinics

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“…39,40 Structural changes in programs such as increased control in scheduling, practice efficiency improvements, gender-specific mentorship, and home-life directed interventions (i.e., onsite or readily accessible high-quality backup childcare) can help promote gender parity. [39][40][41][42] In assessing the current state of diversity within oculofacial plastic surgery, it is also important to note progress relative to other medical specialties. Studies have observed that 7.2% of practicing dermatologists, 5.8% of practicing vascular surgeons, and 6.8% of practicing orthopaedic surgeons identify as UiM, compared to 9.4% in oculofacial plastic surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Barriers to Increasing Diversity within Oculofacial Plastic Surgery

Maru

Carvajal

Campomanes

et al. 2022

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

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Purpose Physician diversity is limited in ophthalmology and oculofacial plastic surgery. Determination of barriers within the application process for oculofacial plastic surgery may help target efforts to improve the recruitment of underrepresented groups. This study aimed to illuminate perceived barriers to increasing diversity in oculofacial plastic surgery trainees, according to the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) fellows and fellowship program directors (FPDs). Methods During the month of February 2021, we sent surveys out to 54 current oculofacial plastic surgery fellows and 56 FPDs at 56 oculofacial plastic surgery programs recognized by the ASOPRS nationwide using a 15-question Qualtrics survey. Results Sixty-three individuals (57%) responded to the survey: 34 fellows (63%) and 29 FPDs (52%). Eighty-eight percent of fellows and 68% of FPDs identified as non-underrepresented in medicine (UiM). Forty-four percent of fellows and 25% of FPDs identified as men. FPDs most commonly noted, “Not enough minorities applying to our program” and “The objective data (Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program score, United States Medical Licensing Examination Step scores, clinical honors, Alpha Omega Alpha status, letter of recommendation) for minority applicants often do not meet the threshold required to offer an interview or to be ranked to match” as barriers. Among fellows, the lowest-rated considerations when applying to oculofacial plastic surgery were “Racially/ethnically diverse faculty” and “Perceptions of minority candidates by fellowship programs,” whereas “Likelihood of matching in program of choice” was ranked highest in considerations. Fellows identifying as men indicated greater concern for “Financial factors related to fellowship (e.g., loans, salary, cost of living, or cost of interviewing)” compared to fellows identifying as women who noted greater concern for “Program or preceptor acceptance of starting or having a family during fellowship.” Conclusion Responses from FPDs suggest that efforts focused on recruiting and supporting diverse students to medicine and ophthalmology, mentoring applicants interested in oculofacial plastic surgery, and restructuring the application process to decrease bias, may improve diversity within the subspecialty. The lack of UiM representation in this study, 6% fellows and 7.4% FPDs identified as UiM, shows both the stark underrepresentation and the need for further research into this topic.

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“… 18 , 21 Indeed, this finding is related to the increase of women in medical schools and residency programs around the world. 22 , 23 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatricians After Residency: A Survey of Personal/Professional Data and Issues

Silva

Trindade

Abel

et al. 2021

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To assess personal, professional, medical, and scientific educational characteristics and issues reported by pediatricians. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on an online survey including 614 pediatricians who graduated in the last 15 years at a University Pediatric Department in Brazil. Results: The response rate was 331/614(54%). The majority were females (82%), the median age was 33 years (27-40) and median years of pediatric practice was 5 (1-13). High workload (>60 hours/week) occurred in 25% and 47% earned ≥15 minimum wages/month. The most work-related issues reported were long working hours, poor social life and a sedentary lifestyle (>50%). Pediatricians were further divided into two groups, according to years of pediatric clinical practice: group 1 (≤5 years) and group 2 (>5 years). The median of overall satisfaction with pediatric residency [8(0-10) vs. 9 (4-10); p=0.002] was significantly reduced in group 1. The frequencies of workload >60 hours, work on pediatric ward and pediatric intensive care were significantly higher in the first group (p<0.05). Regarding main issues related to clinical practice in the last year, long working hours (73 vs. 53%; p<0.001), poor social life (75 vs. 62%; p=0.018) and harassment (23 vs. 4%; p=0.003) were significantly higher in the first group. Conclusions: Very early career pediatricians (≤5 years) reported higher workload, lower income, work-related issues and different location of pediatric practice compared to early career pediatricians (>5 years). The overall satisfaction with pediatric residency was good, however, reduced in very early career pediatricians.

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The changing gender landscape of pediatric urology fellowship: results from a survey of fellows and recent graduates

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Profile of health professionals who completed a master's, doctoral, or post-doctoral degree in one Brazilian pediatric program

Perceived Barriers to Increasing Diversity within Oculofacial Plastic Surgery

Pediatricians After Residency: A Survey of Personal/Professional Data and Issues

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