The Changing Demographics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Tout, Issam; Loureiro, Dimitri; Asselah, Tarik

doi:10.1016/j.cld.2021.06.001

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…According to epidemiological investigations [1,2], the domestic HBV carrier rate is about 7 -8 %. The virus is transmitted mainly through the blood, mother-to-child, close contact, and iatrogenic routes, amongst which parturient-fetal transmission is a major method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post delivery withdrawal time of tenofovir for blocking mother to child transmission of HBV in women with high HBV load during late pregnancy

Bai,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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Purpose: To study the withdrawal time of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) after delivery in parturient women having high hepatitis B virus (HBV) load who took TDF during late pregnancy to block fetal contact with HBV. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of clinical data of 77 pregnant women close to parturition with high HBV density in Southern Central Hospital of Yunan Province from February 2020 to February 2021. Based on time of drug discontinuation, they were assigned to group A (immediately after delivery, n = 24); group B (1 month after delivery, n = 26), and group C (3 months after delivery, n = 27). All three groups took TDF before delivery. Liver function, with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was assessed using Roche detection system. Deoxyribonucleic acid of hepatitis B virus (HBV-DNA) was assayed by fluorescence quantitative method. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HB e antigen (HBeAg) were measured using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). All assays were done after 2, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 weeks of drug withdrawal. Results: All parameters in the three groups of patients returned to normal levels after 2, 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 weeks of drug withdrawal. In 83 neonates, tests for hepatitis B DNA and surface antigen were negative 1 month after birth, with 100 % block of maternal neonatal transmission, and no HBV infection. The incidence of adverse reactions in pregnant women were 16.67, 19.24 and 18.52 % in groups A, B and C, respectively, with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of TDF for parturient women with high HBV density is not related to drug withdrawal time after delivery. It is necessary to increase the number of samples in subsequent studies in order to validate the research results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post delivery withdrawal time of tenofovir for blocking mother to child transmission of HBV in women with high HBV load during late pregnancy

Bai,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2024

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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The dual role of regulatory T cells in hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma

He,

Miao,

Chen

et al. 2023

Immunology

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major etiologic factor leading to HCC. While there have been significant advancements in controlling HBV replication, achieving a complete cure for HBV‐related HCC (HBV‐HCC) remains an intricate challenge. HBV persistence is attributed to a myriad of mechanisms, encompassing both innate and adaptive immune responses. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are pivotal in upholding immune tolerance and modulating excessive immune activation. During HBV infection, Tregs mediate specific T cell suppression, thereby contributing to both persistent infection and the mitigation of liver inflammatory responses. Studies have demonstrated an augmented expression of circulating and intrahepatic Tregs in HBV‐HCC, which correlates with impaired CD8+ T cell function. Consequently, Tregs play a dual role in the context of HBV infection and the progression of HBV‐HCC. In this comprehensive review, we discuss pertinent studies concerning Tregs in HBV infection, HBV‐related cirrhosis and HCC. Furthermore, we summarize Treg responses to antiviral therapy and provide Treg‐targeted therapies specific to HBV and HCC.

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Hepatitis B Prevalence and Referral Rates in Vulnerable Populations Undergoing Community-Based Screening—Results from the LIVE(RO)2 Program

Iacob,

Csiki,

Iacob

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) remains a major global health challenge, with significant morbidity and mortality associated with chronic infections. Methods: This study examines the epidemiology, screening, and risk factors associated with HBV in Romania, focusing on a comprehensive national screening program, LIVE(RO)2, involving 320,000 individuals (majority of them considered vulnerable population). A questionnaire was used to collect information on the potential risk factors for HBV transmission. Results: The overall prevalence rate of HBV chronic infection among all the participants tested was 1.67% (confidence interval: 1.63–1.72%), with significant differences (p = 0.0001) between participants from the main geographical regions of residence (North-East 1.89%, South 1.38%, South-East 2.06%, and South-West 1.54%). Male persons aged 30–49 or 60–69 years old, from the rural and Eastern parts of Romania and non-Romanian ethnia, with a low level of education, unvaccinated, not married, unemployed, with family members with hepatitis, with personal histories of blood or blood product transfusion, surgical interventions, tattooing, hospitalizations, imprisonment, haemodialysis, unsafe sexual contacts, or with sexual transmitted infectious diseases were risk factors associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Conclusions: Our findings highlight significant demographic and epidemiological patterns of reduced HBV prevalence even in vulnerable persons, as well as modified risk factors and the impact of socio-economic factors.

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The Changing Demographics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

Post delivery withdrawal time of tenofovir for blocking mother to child transmission of HBV in women with high HBV load during late pregnancy

Post delivery withdrawal time of tenofovir for blocking mother to child transmission of HBV in women with high HBV load during late pregnancy

The dual role of regulatory T cells in hepatitis B virus infection and related hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatitis B Prevalence and Referral Rates in Vulnerable Populations Undergoing Community-Based Screening—Results from the LIVE(RO)2 Program

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