The change of rotational freedom following different insertion torques in three implant systems with implant driver

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEMImplant drivers are getting popular in clinical dentistry. Unlike to implant systems with external hex connection, implant drivers directly engage the implant/abutment interface. The deformation of the implant/abutment interface can be introduced while placing an implant with its implant driver in clinical situations.PURPOSEThis study evaluated the change of rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment after application of different insertion torques.MATERIAL AND METHODSThree kinds of internal connection implants were utilized for the current study (4.5 × 12 mm Xive, 4.3 × 11.5 mm Inplant Magicgrip, 4.3 × 12 mm Implantium MF). An EstheticBase, a 2-piece top, a Dual abutment was used for its corresponding implant system. The rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment were measured before and after applying 45, 100 Ncm insertion torque. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.RESULTSUnder 45 Ncm insertion torque, the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment was significantly increased in Xive (P = .003). However, no significant change was noted in Inplant Magicgrip and Implantium MF. Under 100 Ncm torque, both in Xive (P = .0005) and Implatium MF (P = .03) resulted in significantly increased rotational freedom between the implant and its abutment.DISCUSSIONThe design of the implant/implant driver interface effectively prevented the deformation of implant/abutment interface. Little change was noted in the rotational freedom between an implant and its abutment, even though the insertion torque was far beyond clinical application.CONCLUSIONSThe implant/abutment joint of internally connecting implants were quite stable under insertion torque in clinical situation.

Loosening of the fixing screw in single implant crowns: predisposing factors, prevention and treatment options

“…Rotational freedom of maximum 5 degrees is necessary for optimum stability between the hexagon of the prosthetic abutment and the implant. When rotational freedom exceeds 5 degrees, the torque needed to loosen the contact of implant‐prosthetic abutment is greatly reduced …”

“…When rotational freedom exceeds 5 degrees, the torque needed to loosen the contact of implant-prosthetic abutment is greatly reduced. [62][63][64] The rotational freedom between internal and external hexagon was examined in a pilot study in conjunction with the prosthetic abutment. The external hexagon presented greater rotational freedom (5.5 degrees) compared to the internal hexagon (2.9 degrees).…”

Mechanism of and factors associated with the loosening of the implant abutment screw: A review

“…The implant-abutment connection is most stable when the degree of rotational freedom is less than 2 , 66 and significant torque loss occurs when the degree is greater than 5 . [67][68][69][70] The anti-rotation design of the abutment can limit the rotational freedom, thereby maintaining well the stability of the joint. In the experiment of Yao et al, 71 all the abutments without anti-rotation design were rotated after cyclic loading, and fatigue fracture was observed.…”

How do differences of dental implants' internal connection systems affect stress distribution?: A 3-dimensional finite element analysis

“…Over the past several decades, due to the reliable functional and aesthetic results, dental rehabilitation with implants has been widely accepted by dentists and patients. Conventionally, the implant/abutment interface is described as external or internal connection 2 . A review of existing literature has shown that amongst the cylindrical type of dental implants, the internal implant-abutment connections are greatly preferred.…”