The centipede genus Eupolybothrus Verhoeff, 1907 (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae) in North Africa, a cybertaxonomic revision, with a key to all species in the genus and the first use of DNA barcoding for the group

Abstract

The centipede genus Eupolybothrus Verhoeff, 1907 in North Africa is revised. A new cavernicolous species, Eupolybothrus kahfi Stoev & Akkari, sp. n., is described from a cave in Jebel Zaghouan, northeast Tunisia. Morphologically, it is most closely related to Eupolybothrus nudicornis (Gervais, 1837) from North Africa and Southwest Europe but can be readily distinguished by the long antennae and leg-pair 15, a conical dorso-median protuberance emerging from the posterior part of prefemur 15, and the shape of the male first genital sternite. Molecular sequence data from the cytochrome c oxidase I gene (mtDNA–5’ COI-barcoding fragment) exhibit 19.19% divergence between Eupolybothrus kahfi and Eupolybothrus nudicornis, an interspecific value comparable to those observed among four other species of Eupolybothrus which, combined with a low intraspecific divergence (0.3–1.14%), supports the morphological diagnosis of Eupolybothrus kahfi as a separate species. This is the first troglomorphic myriapod to be found in Tunisia, and the second troglomorph lithobiomorph centipede known from North Africa. Eupolybothrus nudicornis is redescribed based on abundant material from Tunisia and its post-embryonic development, distribution and habitat preferences recorded. Eupolybothrus cloudsley-thompsoni Turk, 1955, a nominal species based on Tunisian type material, is placed in synonymy with Eupolybothrus nudicornis. To comply with the latest technological developments in publishing of biological information, the paper implements new approaches in cybertaxonomy, such as fine granularity XML tagging validated against the NLM DTD TaxPub for PubMedCentral and dissemination in XML to various aggregators (GBIF, EOL, Wikipedia), vizualisation of all taxa mentioned in the text via the dynamically created Pensoft Taxon Profile (PTP) page, data publishing, georeferencing of all localities via Google Earth, and ZooBank, GenBank and MorphBank registration of datasets. An interactive key to all valid species of Eupolybothrus is made with DELTA software.

The Evolutionary History of the Rediscovered Austrian Population of the Giant Centipede Scolopendra cingulata Latreille 1829 (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha)

“…Such a gap was also reported for the North-African representatives of the lithobiid genus Eupolybothrus , with the lowest interspecific distance of 16.61% and intraspecific distances of 1.4% and 0.3% [33]. However, a finer geographical sampling of all taxa would be necessary to validate our findings as high intraspecific distances have been reported for the New Caledonian endemic species Cryptops pictus , with a divergence of up to 23.8% [32], as well as several instances of overlapping inter- and intraspecific distances in Bavarian Chilopoda [56].…”

Morphological and molecular study of Symphyla from Colombia

“…of 22%, similar to the congeneric ranges observed by Spelda et al (2011) and Stoev et al (2010, 2013). Unfortunately there are no published sequences of Scutigerella immaculata or a formal description of this species.…”

Comparative phylogeography of the centipedes Cryptops pictus and C. niuensis (Chilopoda) in New Caledonia, Fiji and Vanuatu

“…Here, we present the first analysis of centipedes at the population level, even though a few phylogenetic studies have used multiple specimens of the same species Giribet 2008, 2009;Giribet et al 2009;Stoev et al 2010), and some have been conducted on millipedes Walker et al 2009). Ours is also the first population genetic study on any group of animals in New Caledonia.…”