The Catalytic Reduction of Nitroanilines Using Synthesized CuFe₂O₄ Nanoparticles in an Aqueous Medium

Abstract

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the reduction of 4‐nitroaniline (4‐NA) and 2‐nitroaniline (2‐NA) using synthesized copper ferrite nanoparticles (NPs) via facile one‐step hydrothermal method as a heterogeneous nano‐catalyst. Nitroanilines were reduced in the presence and without the catalyst with a constant amount (100 mg) of reducing agent of sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) at room temperature in water to amino compounds. To characterize the functional groups, size, structure, and morphology of as‐prepared magnetic NPs, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM were employed. The UV‐Vis spectrum was utilized to explore the catalytic effect of CuFe 2 O 4 . The outcomes revealed that the synthesized CuFe 2 O 4 as a heterogeneous magnetic nano‐catalyst catalyzed the reduction of 4‐NA and 2‐NA significantly faster than other candidate catalysts. The outcomes demonstrated that the catalyst catalyzed 4‐nitroaniline to para ‐phenylenediamine ( p ‐PDA) and 2‐nitroaniline to ortho ‐phenylenediamine (o‐PDA) with a constant rate of 7.49×10 −2 s −1 and 3.19×10 −2 s −1 , and conversion percentage of 96.5 and 95.6, in 40 s and 90 s, sequentially. Furthermore, the nanoparticles could be recovered by a magnetic separation method and reused for six consecutive cycles without remarkable loss of catalytic ability.

The catalytic performance of CuFe2O4@CQD nanocomposite as a high-perform heterogeneous nanocatalyst in nitroaniline group reduction

“…This stretching vibration belonged to the CuFe 2 O 4 @CQD and was assigned to the occupancy of water molecules that could exist on their surfaces 53 . It is noteworthy that the presence of CQDs in the structure of the considered nanocomposite caused an overlap that enhanced the peak intensity and decreased it compared to the CuFe 2 O 4 NPs peaks reported in previous work 54 . Meanwhile, some of the peaks disappeared in the FT-IR of the nanocomposite.…”

UV-shielding properties of a cost-effective hybrid PMMA-based thin film coatings using TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles: a comprehensive evaluation

“…Considering the FT-IR spectrum of the pure polymer film after degradation, the peaks corresponding to the region of 3600–3400 cm −1 were related to the hydroxyl functional group (stretching R–OH). Here, hydroxyl functional groups were formed due to the compound’s strong tendency to bond with water vapor molecules in the environment 48 . A new peak with low intensity at 2750 cm −1 was ascribed to the symmetric stretching of C–H in CH 3 47 .…”

The Synergistic Effect of Intumescent Fire‐Resistive Paint Containing TiO2 Nanoparticles and Chlorinated Paraffin onto Atmospheric‐Metallic Substrates

“…The XRD patterns were performed at room temperature ranging in $${2\theta =7-80^\circ{}}$$ at a rate of 3° min −1 . The Debye‐Scherrer's formula was applied to compute the crystallite size of the nanoparticles, based on the XRD schema [39–41] …”

“…The Debye-Scherrer's formula was applied to compute the crystallite size of the nanoparticles, based on the XRD schema. [39][40][41]…”