The Bluegreen Algae (AFA) Consumption over 48 h Increases the Total Number of Peripheral CD34+ Cells in Healthy Patients: Effect of Short-Term and Long-Term Nutritional Supplementation (Curcumin/AFA) on CD34+ Levels (Blood)

Abstract

Several active principles from plants could trigger the release of stem cells from the bone marrow. Stem cell mobilizers have shown side effects in patients. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to find the natural products from plants (curcuminoids, glycosinolate of sulforaphane, AFA bluegreen algae), which could be potential stem mobilizes without adverse side effects. The antioxidant curcumin [1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-2,5-dione], glycosinolate of sulforaphane (broccoli) or AFA (Aphanizomenon flos) extract promote beneficial effects in patients. The number of circulating stem cells were monitored by HSC marker-CD34 by flow cytometry in peripheral blood from healthy subjects. CD34 is a hematological stem cells (HSC) marker. A double-blind study was conducted in 22 healthy subjects. We have evaluated whether short-term AFA—Aphanizomenon flos aquae—algae or curcuminoids consumption (powder or liquid formulation) over 48 consecutive hours could increase the total number of peripheral CD34+ blood cells (n = 22, n = 5 subjects/group). The total number of circulating CD34+ cells were quantified after short-term and long-term nutritional supplementation; their levels were compared with their own basal levels (n = 5/group, controls: before taking any supplement) or placebo-treated patients (n = 7); their average age was 54 years old. We also evaluated whether long-term nutritional supplementation with several nutraceuticals could enhance HSC mobilization by increasing the total number of peripheral CD-34+ cell after seven or 38 consecutive days of administration (n = 5, with seven placebo-treated patients). The long-term administration take place with these doses/day [curcuminoids: 2000 mg/day, equivalent to 120 mg of curcuminoids/day), glycosinolate of sulforaphane (66 mg/day), plus AFA Algae bluegreen extract (400 mg/day)]. On the last day (10 a.m.) of treatment, blood samples were collected six hours after taking these supplements; the average age was 54 years old. Notably, the blue green AFA algae extract consumption over 48 h enhances HSC mobilization by increasing the total number of peripheral CD34+ cells. The long-term administration with curcuminoids, glycosinolate of sulforaphane, and AFA bluegreen algae extract also increased the total number of CD34-HSC cells after seven or 38 days of consecutive of administration in healthy subjects.

Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications

“…So much so that the donor’s health and age, inflammatory surroundings, and even low oxygen levels can also significantly affect the efficacy of a clinical transplant of these cells. Preconditioning the cells with specific molecules is one of the ways to decrease these limitations [ 105 ], and these treatments attempt to improve the microenvironment to restore endogenous SC function and growth [ 29 ]. These bioactive compounds are plant extracts or active principles from plants that have been tested in vitro with Sapindus mukorossi seed oil and AFA algae in patients [ 105 ], which are alternatives for treating vital pulp that increase alkaline phosphatase activity and DPSC mineralized nodule secretion.…”

“…Preconditioning the cells with specific molecules is one of the ways to decrease these limitations [ 105 ], and these treatments attempt to improve the microenvironment to restore endogenous SC function and growth [ 29 ]. These bioactive compounds are plant extracts or active principles from plants that have been tested in vitro with Sapindus mukorossi seed oil and AFA algae in patients [ 105 ], which are alternatives for treating vital pulp that increase alkaline phosphatase activity and DPSC mineralized nodule secretion. These compounds improve odontogenic and/or osteogenic differentiation and secretion from the vesicles in the DPSC matrix with odontogenic induction, thus stimulating the formation of reparative dentine.…”

“…In fact, the evidence postulates that the beneficial effects of transplantation with DPSC in murine models of neurological diseases promote beneficial effects in models of cerebral ischaemia due to occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) [ 141 , 142 ]. In general, cell transplantation performed by the intravascular route of administration by MCAO in cerebral ischaemia is less invasive than the intracerebral or intraventricular route [ 105 ]. The benefits are based on the reduction of microglial activation as well as the reduction of proinflammatory cytokine levels after reperfusion.…”

“…These studies demonstrated that DPSC could migrate and survive within the lesioned area of the brain, offering an appropriate therapy for brain injury, either through pre-differentiation and replacement of lost neurons or through paracrine-mediated endogenous neuronal survival advocates [ 144 ]. In general, cell transplantation by the intravascular route of administration is less invasive than the intracerebral or intraventricular route in rodent models of cerebral ischaemia by MCAO [ 105 ]. An in vivo study reported that an ectopic transplant revealed that the CD31 cells from pulp that had been cultured in a conditioned medium induced higher angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and regeneration in a rat ischaemia model compared with the effect of CD31 cells from the bone marrow and adipose tissue [ 108 , 145 ].…”

Nanoparticles and Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Therapy for Cancer Treatment: Focus on Nanocarriers and a si-RNA CXCR4 Chemokine Blocker as Strategies for Tumor Eradication In Vitro and In Vivo

“…In addition, reports on the impact of SiNPs in stem cell differentiation are limited; the studies on the toxicity of SPIONs in stem cells are obscure and need further elucidate. In addition, new methods such as flow cytometry could provide information about thousands of cells (events) [183][184][185][186] with the very sensitive method in one sample after determining the average fluorescence intensity per particle; however, the inconvenience of this method is that does not distinguish between intracellular and membrane-associated NPs [72]. Thus, novel hybrids of the metallic NPs with other nanomaterials need to be developed for promoting the high-quality stem cell differentiation.…”