The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in the context of China’s opening-up policy

A Review of China-India Geopolitical Relations in the Context of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

“…There are quite a lot of purposes of the BRI comprising development of new trade markets, enhancement of external investment, removal of overloading, revival of provincial economic development, internationalization of the China"s currency, RMB, improving neighborhood relations, etc. Through the divergence of foreign trade and the rise in external investment, it is supposed that China, being the world"s second-largest economic power is keenly interested in acquiring its own economic and political interests, and is committed to create a new atmosphere in which China can easily involve in various infrastructural development and economic activities [7]. On the origin of the BRI, there is needed a goal of founding an economic area where China can lead and compete effectively with other economic powers of the world.…”

“…Through the project of BRI, the Chinese firms are being greatly benefitted through construction and infrastructure development. It is also true that, the BRI has provided huge opportunities in the construction, engineering, and infrastructure-oriented industrial development [7]. There are huge demands for taking steps for intraregional structure and network which can attract global attention.…”

“…These are the BRI"s basic principles: showing respects for sovereignty to other nations, mutual inviolability through BRI, non-interference to internal affairs of other countries, peaceful coexistence with neighboring nations and other distant neighbors, equality and justice irrespective of their affiliations with other local and international organizations, reciprocity among the different stakeholders, open framework for all member countries, socio-economic and political cooperation among the partner states, ensuring effective and sustainable market mechanism for all partners, and finally win-win situation will be ensured and very warm relationship among participant countries will be encouraged to implement BRI effectively and successfully [7]. BRIs target areas are: it has a plan to link East Asian and European countries and relevant economic zones, infrastructure such as transportation system, communication, energy, and development; cooperation in the trade and investment such as facilitation of cooperation, lifting of various kinds of barriers, investing in the business climate development, and FTA; increasing money exchange, promoting Asian bond market, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), New Development of (BRICS) Bank, and Silk Road Fund; and an agreement on mutual cooperation framework for all stakeholders, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), ASEAN plus one China, Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC), Asia Europe Meeting (ASEM), and Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation [7]. In a nutshell it can be said that the BRI project will, of course involve all Asian and European countries through roads, highways, infrastructure, trade and investment, and people to people"s contacts for geopolitical interactions and economic relations.…”

Çin diplomasisi ve dış politikasının yabancı öğrencilerin Kuşak ve Yol İnisiyati

“…In assuming such a position, China's membership of multilateral organizations has grown from seven from 1949from to 1970from , to 298 between 1980from and 2007from (Zhang 2016. As of 2013, China has placed more emphasis on "economic diplomacy" after declaring it a priority, with the launch of the BRI and the establishment of the AIIB being the most recent manifestations (Ohashi 2019;Zang 2016). Under this new approach to diplomacy, which can be defined as "the process through which countries tackle the outside world, to maximize their national gains in all the fields including investments and other forms of economically beneficial exchange" (Rana 2007, 201), China's current economic endeavours can be articulated.…”

China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): Debt Quagmire or a Ridge Rope for Struggling Economies

“…This is the reason why India is trying its best to counter China's influence, so it is negatively propagating the BRI to decrease its rapid progress. The BRI is China's opening-up policy that focuses on the external economic interactions of China which will help to increase its role in the global community (Ohashi, 2019). China's idea of free trade is a key point for the greatest global infrastructure project of the BRI, through which it is expanding the trade development in the developing countries.…”