THE <b>IO VOLCANO OBSERVER</b> (<b>IVO</b>): FOLLOW THE HEAT!

McEwen, A. S.; Turtle, E. P.; Kestay, L.; Khurana, K. K.; Westlake, J. H.; Würz, Peter; Helbert, J.; Park, R.; Kirby, Kristie L.; Haapala-Chalk, A.; Breuer, D.; Davies, A. G.; Mousis, C.; Nimmo, F.; Paranicas, C.; Perry, Jason; Pommier, Anne; Radebaugh, J.; Spencer, J. R.; Sutton, S.; Thomas, Nicolas

doi:10.1130/abs/2019am-337593

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…will be able to constrain the thickness of the crust with an accuracy better than 10 km and the crustal rigidity to better than 1 × 10 10 Pa. This measurement of crustal thickness is independent of a measure of crustal thickness provided by magnetic induction (McEwen et al., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The next missions to Jupiter, ESA's JUICE mission (Grasset et al., 2013) and NASA's Europa Clipper (Howell & Pappalardo, 2020), unfortunately will not fly close to Io, making libration observations of Io extremely challenging if not impossible. Multiple flyby missions of Io like IVO (McEwen et al., 2019), selected for further study by NASA in February 2020, can accurately determine libration by observing the same surface features at different mean anomalies, allowing study of Io's melt zone and thickness and rigidity of the crust.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Galileo magnetometer data suggest that Io has an at least partially molten asthenosphere beneath its surface, if not a fully molten magma ocean (Khurana et al., 2011). Tidal deformation measurements by the Io Volcano Observer (IVO) mission (McEwen et al., 2019) could differentiate between full and partial melt (Bierson & Nimmo, 2016). Here, we show that observations of libration, the variations in the rotation rate of Io at its orbital period, are a complementary tool to determine the status of Io's melt region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Librations, Tides, and Interior Structure of Io

et al. 2020

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The melt zone in the volcanically active satellite Io plays a key role in diverse processes such as volcanism, heat transfer, tidal dissipation, and the orbital evolution of the Galilean satellites in the Laplace resonance. Information on the melt distribution, the degree of partial melt, and the possible existence of a global magma ocean has been derived from Galileo magnetic induction measurements, volcanic eruption temperatures, and Hubble Space Telescope auroral spot observations but is currently inconclusive. Here, we calculate the libration amplitude of Io for a diverse set of internal structure models and show that Io's libration can provide insight into the existence of a global magma ocean and into the thickness and rigidity of the crust above it. The diurnal libration amplitude of Io is several times larger if Io has a magma ocean instead of a partial melt asthenosphere and can reach values of above 1 km, making it easily observable for spacecraft flying close by Io on multiple occasions. It also strongly increases with decreasing crustal thickness and increases significantly with increasing rigidity. We demonstrate that the combination of observations of the libration amplitude and the tidal Love number k2 will allow estimating the rigidity and thickness of the crust separately, which is impossible with only one of the quantities observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Librations, Tides, and Interior Structure of Io

et al. 2020

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“…Overall, skylights are highly attractive targets for this purpose as they present a stable thermal source on the timescale of observations and are, as discussed above, likely common on Io. Thus, these features may represent the most important targets for a future mission (e.g., McEwen et al., 2019).…”

Section: Processes and Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary Caves: A Solar System View of Processes and Products

et al. 2022

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“…at some future date (e.g., McEwen et al, 2019). Processing NIMS data of Io's volcanic activity has, until now, generally focussed on activity at individual volcanoes, watching as thermal emission changed as eruptions waxed and waned (Davies et al, 2001(Davies et al, , 2006(Davies et al, , 2012a(Davies et al, , 2012b(Davies et al, , 2014(Davies et al, , 2018Davies & Ennis, 2011), identifying types and styles of volcanic eruption (Davies et al, 2001(Davies et al, , 2010(Davies et al, , 2018, and seeking to identify representative behavior, in terms of spectral radiance, total thermal emission, and temporal evolution for mapping the contribution to Io's heat flow from active or recent volcanic activity (Davies et al, 2015;Veeder et al, 2009Veeder et al, , 2011Veeder et al, , 2012Veeder et al, , 2015.…”

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confidence: 99%

Near Infrared Spectral Radiance at Multiple Wavelengths From Io's Volcanoes 1: The Low Spatial Resolution Night‐Time Galileo NIMS Data Set

Davies

Veeder

2023

JGR Planets

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We have calculated surface‐leaving spectral radiances for 285 detections of volcanic thermal emission from Io observations made by the Galileo Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) in the 0.7‐ to 5.2‐µm wavelength range, the first such analysis of the entire low‐spatial‐resolution night‐time data set. Most of these detections are of 53 individual hot‐spots. We establish that 4.8‐μm spectral radiance is a good proxy for total thermal emission from a hot spot. Many detections reported here have not been previously modelled. This set of hot‐spot detections is derived from NIMS night‐time observations obtained between June 1996 (orbit G1) and October 2001 (Orbit I32) where the hot‐spot is sub‐pixel. Modelling of the spectra yields total thermal emission from each volcano in each observation, as well as the 2‐μm:5‐μm spectral radiance ratio and radiant flux density. Surface‐leaving spectral radiance is derived at 2.0, 3.5, 3.8, 4.8 and 5.0 μm allowing direct comparison with data obtained by other spacecraft and ground‐based telescope data. The most energetic volcanic eruptions are identified. We find an unusual number of sources in a C30 observation suggesting vigorous volcanic activity was taking place simultaneously in multiple locations, possibly tidally controlled.

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THE IO VOLCANO OBSERVER (IVO): FOLLOW THE HEAT!

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

The Librations, Tides, and Interior Structure of Io

The Librations, Tides, and Interior Structure of Io

Planetary Caves: A Solar System View of Processes and Products

Near Infrared Spectral Radiance at Multiple Wavelengths From Io's Volcanoes 1: The Low Spatial Resolution Night‐Time Galileo NIMS Data Set

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