The association of matrix metalloproteinases polymorphisms and interleukins in advanced age-related macular degeneration

Abstract

MMP1 rs1799750 1G/2G genotype was found to play a significant role in the development of eAMD at the age of less than 65 years. IL-1β concentration was significantly higher in eAMD patients for MMP1 rs1799750 1G/1G genotype and MMP7 rs11568818 A/G genotype compared with control group subjects.

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

“…Table 1 summarizes the polymorphisms of MMP genes that have been analyzed in AMD patients. Polymorphisms in MMP-1 (rs1799756) [30], MMP-3 (rs3025058) [26,32], and MMP-7 (rs11568818) [30,31] genes showed no statistical association with either the risk of AMD or disease progression.…”

“…Consequently, recent studies tried to keep in mind this global view of the pathogenesis, with hypothetical interrelations between different pathways. Budiene et al [30] investigated the relation of MMP polymorphisms with other gene polymorphisms and with their levels of mRNA and proteins in plasma. Oszajca et al [31] tried to analyze the possible association between MMP polymorphisms and the expression of some cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), which have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD and are a possible crossing point of different pathways.…”

“…It has been reported that MMPs are crucial to the regulation of ECM components, and that dysregulation of these pathways could be associated with AMD. Therefore, it is important to study the genetic variants of the MMP genes because they could cause an imbalance in MMP production and lead to an increased risk of AMD [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

“…The pathological degradation or accumulation of ECM structural components, which may eventually lead to AMD development, is caused by a dysregulation of specific MMP/TIMP complexes, and also by the influence of other mechanisms connected with both genetic and environmental factors [ 18 , 19 ]. Moreover, a growing number of studies have recently reported the association between different polymorphisms of MMP and TIMP genes and AMD [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Therefore, not only age, but also genetic components and environmental stress factors, contribute to the occurrence of the disease, which explains why not all elderly people have AMD [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Genetic polymorphisms associated with Age-related macular degeneration

“…Using online search databases with keywords including "polymorphism", "age-related macular degeneration", and "meta-analysis", I summarized the findings from the latest published meta-analysis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] as shown in Figure 1. Moreover, in this short communication additional meta-analysis of TNFα, CCL-2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP9, and TIMP2 were also included [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] . It was shown that a protective effect of TNFα -863A carrier (A vs C, OR = 0.67, P = 0.007; AA+CA vs CC, OR = 0.58, P = 0.001; CA vs AA+CC, OR = 0.55, P = 0.001; and CA vs CC, OR = 0.54, P = 0.001, Figure 2A-D) and TIMP2 -418C carrier (GC vs CC+GG, OR = 0.54, P = 0.018; and GC vs GG, OR = 0.56, P = 0.046, Figure 2E,F) to the development of AMD.…”