The association between fat mass and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy schoolchildren

Al-Shorman, Alaa; Alkhatib, Buthaina; Abusalma, Baha'a; Al-Domi, Hayder

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.03.014

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Moreover, recent studies have shown that HOMA-IR levels are closely related to the lipid profile of the pediatric population and that the initial changes in glucose metabolism, found in prepubertal children with obesity, may be one of the factors leading to increased arterial intima thickness [ 17 , 18 ]. In addition, some studies have shown that adolescents with obesity, with higher levels of intrahepatic steatosis (despite comparable levels of obesity in their peers), have increased fasting glucose levels and systemic IR, and most have significant cardiovascular risk [ 14 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients

Morace,

Curatola,

Mandraffino

et al. 2023

Ital J Pediatr

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Background Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan (50 kDa) secreted by endothelial cells and expressed by dermal, coronary, pulmonary and adipose tissue microvasculature. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders, inflammatory state, endothelium dysfunction and neoangiogenesis. Aims of the study were to compare fasting serum endocan levels between children with obesity and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between endocan, body mass index (BMI) and other indices of cardiometabolic risk. Methods This single-center, observational, retrospective study included 19 pediatric patients with obesity aged 11.94 ± 0.52 years and 19 lean matched controls. Each patient underwent clinical and auxological examination and laboratory investigations including routine organs function tests and lipid profile. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Fasting endocan serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared to healthy subjects, serum endocan levels were found to be significantly upraised in children with obesity. Endocan resulted significantly correlated with insulin levels (rho 0.47; p = 0.04); in addition, an association with HOMA-IR values with a trend toward the statistical significance (rho 0.43; p = 0.07) was found. No significant correlation with fasting blood glucose values and lipid serum levels was demonstrated. Although not statistically significant, a correlation between endocan and the presence and grading of liver steatosis on ultrasound (rho 0.51; p = 0.08 and rho 0.51; p = 0.08, respectively) was found. Conclusions These findings confirm the association between endothelial damage and insulin resistance in children with obesity. Endocan could be used as a biomarker of early endothelial dysfunction in children with obesity and could be a valid predictor of future cardiovascular risk in adulthood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients

Morace,

Curatola,

Mandraffino

et al. 2023

Ital J Pediatr

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“…Previous studies have affirmed that the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood has increased, and biomarkers of adverse cardiovascular outcomes have already been found in childhood with obesity [ 8 ]. Severe obesity increases carotid artery wall stiffness and is associated with endothelial dysfunction, an early marker of atherosclerosis, as early as in childhood [ 9 - 11 ]. Recent studies have also reported that excess body weight in adolescents has important implications for developing CVD and diabetes [ 7 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Sharma,

Hassan,

Hamad

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among UAE University students. Methods: The present study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate the characteristics of a sample of young individuals aged 17-26 years. The participants were exclusively drawn from the student population of UAE University. Anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, blood pressure, and random blood collection, were conducted. The statistical methods employed for comparison included the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and either the two-sample t-test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Logistic models, both adjusted and unadjusted, were utilized to evaluate the correlation between excessive body weight and various cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors (CMRFs). All P-values were calculated using a two-sided test, and a significance level of P < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. The statistical computing and graphics software R (version 4.2.2) was utilized to perform all data analyses. Results: Among the 269 individuals who took part in the study, a significant proportion of 55% (n=148) were identified as males. Additionally, 36% (n=97) of the participants reported having a family history of hypertension. It is worth noting that the total sample consisted of younger individuals, with a mean age of 19 years (standard deviation ±1.8). There was a significant association between overweight/obesity and male gender (p=0.003), as well as having a family history of heart attack (p=0.038), high lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). There was no observed correlation between a family history of hypertension and HbA1C levels in individuals with a non-normal weight. substantially elevated cardiometabolic risk variables, including systolic blood pressure (SBP) equal to or greater than 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) equal to or greater than 80 mmHg, triglyceride (TG) levels equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels equal to or less than 35 mg/dL, apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels equal to or greater than 1.3 g/L, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels equal to or more than 1 mg/L, were observed to be substantially more prevalent in individuals with excess body weight compared to those with normal weight. Furthermore, the likelihood of having low HDL levels is observed to increase by 14% (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval [1.07 to 1.23]) among students who have extra body weight, while accounting for age and gender as controlling factors. Conclusions: Excess body weight, already in youth, was associated with increased CMRF, particularly high SBP and TG plus low HDL-C.

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“…Previous studies have affirmed that the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood has increased, and biomarkers of adverse cardiovascular outcomes have been found in children with obesity [2]. Severe obesity in children increases carotid artery wall stiffness and is associated with endothelial dysfunction (a marker of atherosclerosis) [3,4]. Recent studies have also reported that excess body weight (overweight and obesity) in children and adolescents has important implications for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in School-Aged Children with Excess Body Weight in the Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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(1) Background: This study aimed to examine the distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) in school-aged children with excess body weight (overweight and obese) in Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates and identify the factors associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors between boys and girls. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional survey of children aged 6–17 years was conducted in Al Ain from 1 August 2019 to 31 December 2020. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between excess body weight and CMRF between the groups and reported odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). (3) Results: A total of 966 school-aged children (490 boys and 476 girls) participated in the study, and the mean age of the children was 11.8 ± 2.9 years. The proportions of overweight and obesity were 13.5% and 10.2% in boys and 11.1% and 10.3% in girls. Higher glucose of ≥100 mg/dl (26.4%), triglycerides of ≥150 mg/dl and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: ≥130 mg/dl (23.2%) were more prevalent in children with excess body weight. These children were at least two times more likely to have higher triglycerides levels, high total cholesterol (≥200 mg/dl) in girls (OR:2.06, 95% CI: 1.01–4.21) and low high-density lipoprotein (<35 mg/dl) in boys (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.12–4.31). (4) Conclusion: Excess body weight in school-aged children was associated with increased CMRF, particularly triglycerides.

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The association between fat mass and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy schoolchildren

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients

Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Distribution of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in School-Aged Children with Excess Body Weight in the Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Sectional Study

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