The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: a molecular review of the fungal dimension

Harrier, L. A.

doi:10.1093/jexbot/52.suppl_1.469

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Thus fine root coloration matches a chronological sequence if fine roots are always produced near the apex of the short root. Additionally, mycorrhizal vesicles, which may resist unfavorable environmental conditions (Harrier, 2001), are primarily found in brown and black fine roots, while hyphae and arbuscules are visible in white ones (Fig. S3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing short roots in a desert perennial: anatomy and spatiotemporal foraging responses to increased precipitation

Salguero‐Gómez

Casper

2011

New Phytologist

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Summary• The desert flora possesses diverse root architectures that result in fast growth in response to precipitation. We introduce the short root, a previously undescribed second-order root in the aridland chamaephyte Cryptantha flava, and explore fine root production.• We describe the short root anatomy and associated fine roots, correlate standing fine root crop with soil moisture, and explore the architectural level -the short root, third-order lateral roots, or the whole root system -at which fine roots are induced by watering and the amount of water required.• We show that short roots are borne at intervals on lateral roots and produce fine roots at their tips; new fine roots are white and have root hairs, while brown and black fine roots are apparently dead; and fine root production is triggered at the level of lateral roots and with relatively low precipitation (£ 2 cm).• Short roots are suberized and thus are probably not capable of water uptake themselves, but serve as initiation sites for fine roots that grow rapidly in response to rainfall. Thus, C. flava should be a beneficiary of projected precipitation increases in habitats where rainfall is pulsed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing short roots in a desert perennial: anatomy and spatiotemporal foraging responses to increased precipitation

Salguero‐Gómez

Casper

2011

New Phytologist

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“…As data accumulates on the phylogenetic identities of mycoheterotrophic AM symbionts in diverse plant lineages, it is apparent that much more needs to be learned about the ecology, physiology and evolution of the symbiotic relationship between plants and fungi in Glomus A. Glomus A is the largest and most diverse fungal group known to form AM associations with the majority of land plants in all environments (Harrier 2001;Brundrett 2004;Opik et al 2006;Ligrone et al 2007). Given that the fungal symbionts recovered from mycoheterotrophic ferns, lycopsids and angiosperms span the known phylogenetic breadth of Glomus A, it is possible Glomus A represents a clade of fungi where carbon transfer is widespread and flexible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic affinity of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts in Psilotum nudum

Winther

Friedman

2009

J Plant Res

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Many lineages of land plants (from lycopsids to angiosperms) have non-photosynthetic life cycle phases that involve obligate mycoheterotrophic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations where the plant host gains organic carbon through glomalean symbionts. Our goal was to isolate and phylogenetically identify the AM fungi associated with both the autotrophic and underground mycoheterotrophic life cycle phases of Psilotum nudum. Phylogenetic analyses recovered 11 fungal phylotypes in four diverse clades of Glomus A that form AM associations with P. nudum mycoheterotrophic gametophytes and autotrophic sporophytes, and angiosperm roots found in the same greenhouse pots. The correspondence of identities of AM symbionts in P. nudum sporophytes, gametophytes and neighboring angiosperms provides compelling evidence that photosynthetic heterospecific and conspecific plants can serve as the ultimate sources of fixed carbon for mycoheterotrophic gametophytes of P. nudum, and that the transfer of carbon occurs via shared fungal networks. Moreover, broader phylogenetic analyses suggest greenhouse Psilotum populations, like field-surveyed populations of mycoheterotrophic plants, form AM associations with restricted clades of Glomus A. The phylogenetic affinities and distribution of Glomus A symbionts indicate that P. nudum greenhouse populations have the potential to be exploited as an experimental system to further study the physiology, ecology and evolution of mycoheterotrophic AM associations.

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“…This is a mutual symbiosis in which both the AM fungi and host plant benefit from each other (Peterson et al, 2004;Smith et al, 2011). This symbiosis confers benefits directly to the host plant's growth and development through the acquisition of phosphorus (P) and other mineral nutrients from the soil via the AM pathway (Harrier, 2001;Aggarwal et al, 2011). In this symbiosis relationship, the AM fungi receive energy supplies in the form of carbon from its host plant (Ibijbijen et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the roots of pre-nursery stage of oil palm seedlings: Elaeis guineensis in Malaysia

KhorYen¹,

Tajuddin²

2019

MJM

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Aims: Arbuscular mycorrhizal is an obligate mutualistic symbiosis fungus which survives by forming endomycorrhizal on plant roots. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are not host-specific, allowing them to form a mutualistic symbiosis with a wide range of host plants including oil palm. In Malaysia, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are used as a growth enhancer for the oil palm: Elaeis guineensis. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are introduced only during transplantation to the field when the ages of the seedlings are approximately one year old. As such, this study is designed to investigate the ability of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to form colonisation with pre-nursery oil palm seedlings. Methodology and results: Here, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were introduced at the pre-nursery stage oil palm seedlings. After inoculation, the seedlings were harvested on different days, i.e. on day-3, day-7, day-14, day-21, day-40 and day-60 to determine the colonisation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We found that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are able to form a mycorrhizal association with the oil palm seedling at the pre-nursery stage after 40 days of inoculation, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that formed the association are Glomus sp. and Scutellospora sp. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: This study suggested that the oil palm seedling can be made into a mycorrhizal plant as early as the nursery stage before transplanting them into the plantation.

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: a molecular review of the fungal dimension

Cited by 44 publications

References 104 publications

Introducing short roots in a desert perennial: anatomy and spatiotemporal foraging responses to increased precipitation

Introducing short roots in a desert perennial: anatomy and spatiotemporal foraging responses to increased precipitation

Phylogenetic affinity of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbionts in Psilotum nudum

The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the roots of pre-nursery stage of oil palm seedlings: Elaeis guineensis in Malaysia

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