The application of a.c. impedance technique for detecting glycol contamination in engine oil

Wang, Simon S.; Lee, Han-Sheng

doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(97)80261-4

Cited by 44 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…EIS and simpler types of electrical impedance measurement are potentially powerful tools for monitoring lubricant degradation, with the ability to monitor various forms of lubricant contamination [154][155][156]. While they can be used off-line [157], primary interest in recent years has been to develop on-line sensors that can monitor oil degradation in operating machinery and engines, e.g.…”

Section: Non-aqueous Lubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectrochemistry: Influence of Applied Electrical Potentials on Friction and Wear of Lubricated Contacts

Spikes

2020

Tribol Lett

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Research on the effects of applied electrical potential on friction and wear, a topic sometimes termed “Triboelectrochemistry”, has been reviewed. Historically, most such research has focussed on aqueous lubricants, whose relatively high electrical conductivities enable use of three-electrode electrochemical kinetic techniques, in which the electrode potential at a single electrode | fluid interface is controlled relative to a suitable reference electrode. This has led to identification of several different mechanisms by which applied electrode potentials can influence friction and wear. Of these, the most practically important are: (i) promotion of adsorption/desorption of polar additives on tribological surfaces by controlling the latters’ surface charges; (ii) stimulation or suppression of redox reactions involving either oxygen or lubricant additives at tribological surfaces. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the effects of applied electrical potentials on rubbing contacts lubricated by non-aqueous lubricants, such as ester- and hydrocarbon-based oils. Two different approaches have been used to study this. In one, a DC potential difference in the mV to V range is applied directly across a thin film, lubricated contact to form a pair of electrode | fluid interfaces. This has been found to promote some additive reactions and to influence friction and wear. However, little systematic exploration has been reported of the underlying processes and generally the electrode potentials at the interfaces have not been well defined. The second approach is to increase the conductivity of non-aqueous lubricants by adding secondary electrolytes and/or using micro/nanoscale electrodes, to enable the use of three-electrode electrochemical methods at single metal | fluid interfaces, with reference and counter electrodes. A recent development has been the introduction of ionic liquids as both base fluids and lubricant additives. These have relatively high electrical conductivities, allowing control of applied electrode potentials of individual metal | fluid interfaces, again with reference and counter electrodes. The broadening use of “green”, aqueous-based lubricants also enlarges the possible future scope of applied electrode potentials in tribology. From research to date, there would appear to be considerable opportunities for using applied electrical potentials both to promote desirable and to supress unwanted lubricant interactions with rubbing surfaces, thereby improving the tribological performance of lubricated machine components. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Non-aqueous Lubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectrochemistry: Influence of Applied Electrical Potentials on Friction and Wear of Lubricated Contacts

Spikes

2020

Tribol Lett

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“…EIS data can contain a large amount of electrochemical information that can be modelled and interpreted with the help of an equivalent circuit [11]. This technique has, for example, been proven useful for characterization of several industrial lubricants [2,3,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous estimation of soot and diesel contamination in engine oil using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Ulrich

Petersson

Sundgren

et al. 2007

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…EIS data can contain a large amount of electrochemical information that can be modeled and interpreted with the help of an equivalent circuit (Barsoukov and Mackdonald, 2005). This technique has, for example, been proven useful for characterization of several industrial lubricants Lvovich, 2002, 2006;Wang and Lee, 1997;Allahar et al, 2006). Solvent extraction creates base oils, which are known as solvent raffinates or SNs, consist of solvent refined paraffinic oils that are processed to meet specific targets for saturates and sulfur content (Wessol and Pirro, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance of Neutral Base Oils

Pourfarzad

Semnani

2014

Petroleum Science and Technology

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Solvent neutral 100 (SN-100), SN-150, SN-500, and SN-650 base oils have been investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The investigation has been followed in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 1 mHz. The results indicate that in all cases upon decrease of frequency, the impedance (Z) will be raised up. Also obtained data designates that at each applied frequency, Z values vary in the order: SN-100 < SN-150 < SN-500 < SN-650. In all cases, plots of phase angle versus log of frequency are nearly peak shaped. Based on the composition of base oils, the possible reasons for the different observations has been discussed. The equivalent circuit consists of a parallel constant phase element and polarized resistance (R ct ), in series with solution resistance (R s ). Linear correlation has been observed between R ct and viscosity at 40 or 100 • C, as well as log R ct and viscosity index or specific gravity.

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The application of a.c. impedance technique for detecting glycol contamination in engine oil

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Triboelectrochemistry: Influence of Applied Electrical Potentials on Friction and Wear of Lubricated Contacts

Triboelectrochemistry: Influence of Applied Electrical Potentials on Friction and Wear of Lubricated Contacts

Simultaneous estimation of soot and diesel contamination in engine oil using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Electrochemical Impedance of Neutral Base Oils

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