The Apparent Digestibility of Lignin by Mule Deer

Smith, Arthur D.; Turner, Robert B.; Harris, Grant A.

doi:10.2307/3894236

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…ADL digestibilities have been reported in domestic [Faichney and Jung, 1983;Merchen, 1988] as well as in wild ruminants, e.g., deer (Odocoileus spp.) [Smith et al, 1956], European bison (Bison bonasus) [Drozdz et al, 1975], moose (Alces alces) [Schwartz et al, 1985], and okapi (Okapia johnstoni) [Crissey et al, 2000]. Despite improved analytical techniques, high digestibility coefficients for lignin continue to be reported [Faichney and Jung, 1983], and the incomplete recovery of lignin results in digestibility estimates that are too low [Faichney and Jung, 1983].…”

Section: Digestibility Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative use of four different marker systems for the estimation of digestibility and low food intake in a group of captive giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)

et al. 2001

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In a feeding trial with four captive giraffes, nutrient digestibility was determined using four different marker systems. Although cobalt-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid proved to have no utility as a digestibility marker in this study, reasonable values could be obtained using C 36 n-alkane, acid detergent lignin, and acid insoluble ash as markers. A comparison of methods and literature data suggests that the values derived from the C 36 n-alkane assay are the most reliable absolute values. Apparent digestibility ranges thus determined were 63.5-74.3% for dry matter, 73.4-82.4% for crude protein, 49.9-62.2% for neutral detergent fiber, and 49.7-63.7% for acid detergent fiber. However, digestibility data gained by the ADL method provided the most stringent inter-individual comparisons. It is concluded that both alkanes and lignin can be used for giraffe digestibility studies. These captive giraffes ingested a smaller quantity of food than has been reported for other giraffes from both the wild and other zoos. Energetic calculations showed that these animals might be on the brink of an energy deficit. A similar situation has been described at least once before in captive giraffes, and the results are of direct relevance to the peracute mortality syndrome, a condition of captive giraffes in which severe depletion of body fat stores occurs. Reasons for the seemingly low food intake could not be elucidated, but observations suggested that these giraffes were ready to ingest more if more palatable or suit-

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Section: Digestibility Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative use of four different marker systems for the estimation of digestibility and low food intake in a group of captive giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)

et al. 2001

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“…Perhaps the lignin content of woody browses differs structurally from that found in domestic forages or perhaps deer do differ from domestic animals in their limited abilities to utilize lignin. It is interesting to note that Smith et al (1956), working with mule deer in Utah, determined that the digestibility of lignin in 9 forage species varied between 5.8 and 32%. However, these authors believed that the lignin digestion data might be attributed to inconsistencies in the lignin analysis procedure.…”

Section: The Cellulose Assay Techniques Of Salsbury Et Al (1956) Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Fecal Cellulose to Estimate Plant Tissue Eaten by Deer

Short¹,

Remmenga²

1965

Journal of Range Management

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“…Lignin is essentially nondigestible by most domestic animals. However, Utah studies have shown that deer are able to digest up to 42 percent of this constituent in birchleaf mahogany (Cercolcarpus montanus) (Smith, et al, 1956).…”

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Factors Affecting the Nutritive Value of Range Forage

Oelberg¹

1956

Journal of Range Management

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Allen Press and Society for Range Management are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Range Management.Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794), a great French chemist, is accredited as being the founder of the science of nutrition. His famous respiration experiments led him to state "La vie est une fonction chimique" or "Life is a function of chemistry." Since Lavoisier's time many advancements have been made in the field of animal nutrition.The nutritive value of any forage is dependent upon its content of energy-producing nutrients as well as its content of nutrients essential to the body, namely, protein, minerals and vitamins.Forages supply energy mostly in the form of carbohydrates. The carbohydrate fraction makes up from 60 to 80 percent of the dry matter. The higher carbohydrates may be broken up into three classes: (1) starch, readily and nearly completely digested by the animal; (2) cellulose, digested mostly by bacteria in the rumen of ruminants; and (3) hemicelluloses, intermediate between starches and cellulose and broken down by weak acids and alkalies. In chemical analyses, these higher carbohydrates are arbitrarily grouped into two classes, crude fiber and nitrogen-free extract. Crude fiber consists almost entirely of cellulose and lignin together with some resistant hemicellulose. Lignin is essentially nondigestible by most domestic animals. However, Utah studies have shown that deer are able to digest up to 42 percent of this constituent in birchleaf mahogany (Cerco'carpus montanus) (Smith, et at., 1956). Nitrogen-free extract consists mainly of starch and most of the hemicelluloses.Protein commonly means nitrogen multiplied by the factor 6.25; however, 25 to 50 percent of the total nitrogen may be non-protein, essentially the amides and amino acids (Maynard, 1937). The value of protein is dependent principally upon its supply of certain amino a,ids which are required for the formation of body protein and which cannot be manufactured by the body. The amount of digestible protein furnished by a plant depends upon the plant species and the class of livestock using the plant. In addition, digestibility of protein varies appreciably between domestic animal species and somewhat between individuals of a given species.Minerals are essential for the proper functioning of the bodily processes. Aside from sodium, chlorine, calcium, and phosphorus, most of the essential elements are ample in forages except when grown on mineral-deficient areas, i.e., cobalt in Florida.The precursors of vitamin A and vitamin D are frequently limiting in range forage. Carotene is the precursor of vitamin A, which is manufactured in the animal body, and ergoster...

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The Apparent Digestibility of Lignin by Mule Deer

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Comparative use of four different marker systems for the estimation of digestibility and low food intake in a group of captive giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)

Comparative use of four different marker systems for the estimation of digestibility and low food intake in a group of captive giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis)

Use of Fecal Cellulose to Estimate Plant Tissue Eaten by Deer

Factors Affecting the Nutritive Value of Range Forage

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