The amygdala and emotion

Gallagher, Michela; Chiba, Andrea A.

doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80076-6

Cited by 360 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

211

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selective 5-HT 1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT given subcutaneously (SC) before PA training has consistently been found to produce a dose-dependent impairment of retention in the rat when examined 24 h later (Carli et al 1992;Jackson et al 1994;Johansson et al 1988;Misane et al 1998a;Riekkinen 1994). This PA deficit is mainly attributable to stimulation of postsynaptic 5-HT 1A receptors in the brain (Misane et al 1998a).A number of aversive conditioning procedures in the rat have been used to study memory for emotional experiences (Davis 1990;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Gewirtz and Davis 1998;Lavond et al 1993;Ledoux and Müller 1997;Ögren 1985b). Among them, the PA procedure has been demonstrated to be a valid and reliable tool for assessment of serotonergic manipulations in vivo (Ögren and Misane 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serotonergic (5-HT) projections, arising from the midbrain raphe nuclei (Jacobs and Azmitia 1992;Vertes 1991) innervate limbic (amygdala and hippocampus) and cortical areas known to be involved in the cognition and processing of emotional events (Ambrogi Lorenzini et al 1998;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Heilman and Gilmore 1998;Lavond et al 1993;Ledoux and Müller 1997;Pezzone et al 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of aversive conditioning procedures in the rat have been used to study memory for emotional experiences (Davis 1990;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Gewirtz and Davis 1998;Lavond et al 1993;Ledoux and Müller 1997;Ögren 1985b). Among them, the PA procedure has been demonstrated to be a valid and reliable tool for assessment of serotonergic manipulations in vivo (Ögren and Misane 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Multiple 5-HT Receptors in Passive Avoidance Comparative Studies of p-Chloroamphetamine and 8-OH-DPAT

Misane

2000

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

KEY WORDS : Passive avoidance; 5-HT receptors; 8-OH-DPAT; p-chloroamphetamine (PCA); m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP); dopamineSerotonergic (5-HT) projections, arising from the midbrain raphe nuclei (Jacobs and Azmitia 1992; Vertes 1991) innervate limbic (amygdala and hippocampus) and cortical areas known to be involved in the cognition and processing of emotional events (Ambrogi Lorenzini et al. 1998;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Heilman and Gilmore 1998;Lavond et al. 1993;Ledoux and Müller 1997;Pezzone et al. 1992).To investigate the role of the limbic and cortical 5-HT in behavior, different appproaches have been employed ranging from manipulations that result in multiple re- Received December 23, 1998; revised May 18, 1999; accepted July 13, 1999. N EUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2000 -VOL . 22 , NO . 2 Multiple 5-HT Receptors in Passive Avoidance 169 ceptor stimulation to the selective activation of 5-HT receptor subtypes. The former approach is of particular importance, because 5-HT neurotransmission seems to operate largely via non-or extrasynaptic mode of communication, also known as volume transmission (Agnati et al. 1995;Bunin and Wightman 1998;Descarries et al. 1990;Descarries et al. 1975;Dewar et al. 1991;Jansson et al. 1998). Thus, released 5-HT can act at a distance at multiple 5-HT receptors far away from the synaptic cleft, whereas selective 5-HT agonists act on all receptors of a specific subtype.Earlier studies have shown that treatments that increase 5-HT activity in the brain, such as 5-HT-releasing compounds [p-chloroamphetamine (PCA), MDMA, and MMAI] (Marona- Lewicka et al. 1996;McNamara et al. 1995;Ögren 1985b;Romano and Harvey 1994;Santucci et al. 1996) as well as the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (Altman et al. 1984;Lalonde and Vikis-Freibergs 1985;Lucki and Nobler 1985;McElroy et al. 1982;Meneses and Hong 1995;Ögren 1985b) can both enhance and impair performance in aversive learning tasks. Pretraining administration of PCA has been found to produce a marked impairment of both one-and two-way active avoidance acquisition and retention in the rat (Ögren 1982).Although PCA also causes an acute release of dopamine (DA) (Crespi et al. 1997;Henderson et al. 1993;Johnson et al. 1990;Ögren 1985b;Sharp et al. 1986) as well noradrenaline (NA) (Ögren 1982; Ögren 1985a) in the rat brain, its behavioral effects are mediated primarily via serotonergic mechanisms (Adell et al. 1989;Geyer 1996;Hutson and Curzon 1989;Trulson and Jacobs 1976). In support of this, the one-way active avoidance deficit by PCA was completely blocked when the rats were pretreated with 5-HT reuptake inhibitors zimeldine and fluoxetine but not by the NA uptake inhibitor desipramine (Ögren 1982). Zimeldine also blocked the 5-HT release induced by PCA (Ögren et al. 1982). Several nonselective 5-HT 2 antagonists, which, by themselves, did not impair avoidance learning, also produced a dose-dependent blockade of the PCAinduced deficit (Ögren 1986b). This finding suggested that the impairment of active avoidance acquisit...

show abstract

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multiple 5-HT Receptors in Passive Avoidance Comparative Studies of p-Chloroamphetamine and 8-OH-DPAT

Misane

2000

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on anatomical connections with limbic areas, the extended amygdala has been proposed to play an important role in cognitive and affective processes. This study examines the effect of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine and the classical antipsychotic haloperidol on Fos-like-immunoreactivity (FLI) induction in areas belonging to the extended amygdala.Acute administration of clozapine (10-20 mg/kg) The amygdaloid complex is an ensemble of nuclei that play a central role in emotional processes, particularly in the assignment of affective significance to specific stimuli (Aggleton 1993;Aggleton and Mishkin 1985;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Le Doux 1995). Information elaborated in the basolateral amygdaloid nuclei enter into the central amygdaloid nucleus, which conveys the stimuli together to elicit appropriate behavioral responses (Pitkänen et al 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Induction of Fos-Like-Immunoreactivity in the Extended Amygdala after Haloperidol and Clozapine

Pinna

Morelli

1999

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extended amygdala is composed of the central and medial amygdaloid nucleus which through the sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEA) and the interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (IPAC) merge into the bed nucleus of stria terminals (BST). Based on anatomical connections with limbic areas, the extended amygdala has been proposed to play an important role in cognitive and affective processes. This study examines the effect of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine and the classical antipsychotic haloperidol on Fos-like-immunoreactivity (FLI) induction in areas belonging to the extended amygdala.Acute administration of clozapine (10-20 mg/kg) The amygdaloid complex is an ensemble of nuclei that play a central role in emotional processes, particularly in the assignment of affective significance to specific stimuli (Aggleton 1993;Aggleton and Mishkin 1985;Gallagher and Chiba 1996;Le Doux 1995). Information elaborated in the basolateral amygdaloid nuclei enter into the central amygdaloid nucleus, which conveys the stimuli together to elicit appropriate behavioral responses (Pitkänen et al. 1997).Neuronal cell groups composing the central and medial amygdaloid nucleus form a continuum of cells that extend through the sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEA) and the interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (IPAC) to merge with the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BST) and form the socalled extended amygdala (Alheid and Heimer 1988;Alheid et al. 1995;Heimer et al. 1997b).The central division of the extended amygdala, which is formed by the central amygdaloid nucleus, BST lateral division, IPAC, and SLEA central division, establishes reciprocal neuronal connections with the caudal aspect of the nucleus accumbens shell (Acb shell) and is also connected with the prefrontal cortex (de Olmos et al. 1985;Heimer et al. 1997a;Heimer et al. 1997b;Zahm and Brog 1992 Based on anatomical connections, the extended amygdala seems to be an important site involved in neuropsychiatric disorders (Heimer et al. 1997b); however, specific data showing the effect of drugs used in the therapy of these disorders in the extended amygdala are scarce. Induction of the early gene c-fos by antipsychotics in the central amygdaloid nucleus (Sebens et al. 1995) and antagonism of the excitatory effects induced by a local infusion of amphetamine in the amygdaloid complex by clozapine (Wang and Rebec 1996) have been reported. Moreover, it was recently shown (Beck 1994;Duncan et al. 1996;Morelli et al. 1999) that antidepressant drugs inhibiting either noradrenaline or serotonin re-uptake, induced the expression of the early gene c-fos in areas belonging to the rat extended amygdala, suggesting a role of the extended amygdala in disorders characterized by affective disturbance.Induction of the early gene c-fos is secondary to neuronal activation and is correlated to an increased function of specific areas in the CNS (Sagar et al. 1988). Moreover, detection of the c-fos-encoded protein Fos, throug...

show abstract

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Structural Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder

Strakowski

DelBello

Sax

et al. 1999

Arch Gen Psychiatry

585

368

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The neuropathogenesis of bipolar disorder remains poorly described. Previous work suggests that patients with bipolar disorder may have abnormalities in neural pathways that are hypothesized to modulate human mood states. We examined differences in brain structural volumes associated with these pathways between patients with bipolar disorder hospitalized with mania and healthy community volunteers.Methods: Twenty-four patients with bipolar disorder and mania were recruited from hospital admission records. Twenty-two healthy volunteers were recruited from the community who were similar to the patients in age, sex, race, height, handedness, and education. All subjects were scanned using a 3-dimensional radiofrequency-spoiled Fourier acquired steady state acquisition sequence on a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Scans were analyzed using commercial software. Prefrontal, thalamic, hippocampal, amygdala, pal-lidal, and striatal volumetric measurements were compared between the 2 groups.Results: Patients with bipolar disorder demonstrated a significant (⌳ = 0.64; F 6,37 = 3.4; P = .009) overall difference in structural volumes in these regions compared with controls. In particular, the amygdala was enlarged in the patients. Brain structural volumes were not significantly associated with duration of illness, prior medication exposure, number of previous hospital admissions, or duration of substance abuse. Separating patients into first-episode (n = 12) and multiple-episode (n = 12) subgroups revealed no significant differences in any structure (PϾ.10). Conclusion:Patients with bipolar disorder exhibit structural abnormalities in neural pathways thought to modulate human mood.

show abstract

The amygdala and emotion

Cited by 360 publications

References 33 publications

Multiple 5-HT Receptors in Passive Avoidance Comparative Studies of p-Chloroamphetamine and 8-OH-DPAT

Multiple 5-HT Receptors in Passive Avoidance Comparative Studies of p-Chloroamphetamine and 8-OH-DPAT

Differential Induction of Fos-Like-Immunoreactivity in the Extended Amygdala after Haloperidol and Clozapine

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Structural Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About