2006
DOI: 10.1242/jeb.02455
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Abstract: SUMMARY The plantigrade human foot rolls over the ground during each walking step,roughly analogous to a wheel. The center of pressure progresses on the ground like a wheel of radius 0.3 L (leg length). We examined the effect of varying foot curvature on the mechanics and energetics of walking. We controlled curvature by attaching rigid arc shapes of various radii to the bottoms of rigid boots restricting ankle motion. We measured mechanical work performed on the center of mass (COM), and net me… Show more

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Cited by 224 publications
(218 citation statements)
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References 26 publications
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“…For these latter studies however, the weight of the cast and the fact that participants did not walked barefooted should be taken into account. In addition, the increase of energy expenditure of walking with an externally immobilized ankle can be mitigated by the use of an appropriate rocker bottom sole (Adamczyk, Collins, & Kuo, 2006;Vanderpool, Collins, & Kuo, 2008). With a 6% increase of metabolic cost at SWS, as found in this study, the metabolic demands for TAA participants appear favorable in comparison with participants with either an externally immobilized or a surgically fused ankle, the more so as our patient group walked at a higher SWS than the participants in the referred studies.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 51%
“…For these latter studies however, the weight of the cast and the fact that participants did not walked barefooted should be taken into account. In addition, the increase of energy expenditure of walking with an externally immobilized ankle can be mitigated by the use of an appropriate rocker bottom sole (Adamczyk, Collins, & Kuo, 2006;Vanderpool, Collins, & Kuo, 2008). With a 6% increase of metabolic cost at SWS, as found in this study, the metabolic demands for TAA participants appear favorable in comparison with participants with either an externally immobilized or a surgically fused ankle, the more so as our patient group walked at a higher SWS than the participants in the referred studies.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 51%
“…In all other respects, the feet were identical. The number and placement of the cuts were determined by a custom MATLAB program (MathWorks, Inc.; Natick, Massachusetts) for different roll-over shape radii of 15,25,35,45, and 55 percent of leg length when all cuts were closed. The F3 prosthetic foot was designed with a forefoot flexibility that would most closely mimic the roll-over shape created by the nondisabled ankle-foot system during walking [14] (i.e., having a radius of approximately 35% of leg length).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The other four prosthetic feet were designed to have flexibilities below (F4, F5) and above (F1, F2) the F3 foot. Modeling and empirical work by Adamczyk et al suggests that the biomimetic rocker radius may provide an energetic benefit over other rockers for walking [15]. Therefore, we hypothesized that the biomimetic F3 prosthetic foot would significantly reduce oxygen cost while walking and that prosthesis users would prefer it over the other feet in the study.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…The roll-over shape has been found to be invariant to walking speed [10], added weight [11], and shoe heel height [12]. Studies suggest that prosthetic feet with roll-over shapes similar to physiological roll-over shapes result in higher symmetry in loading between prosthetic and non-prosthetic sides [9] and higher metabolic efficiency while walking [13,14]. This paper presents the design and preliminary testing of a proof of concept prototype which provides energy storage and return, replicates a physiological roll-over shape, and allows rotational motion at the ankle joint such that it can be adapted to allow squatting more easily than compliant beam-type prosthetic feet.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%