The addiction severity index: Reliability and validity in a Dutch addict population

Rationale: Motivational drive and its underlying affect-related states are the core mechanisms that precede the seeking and taking of drugs in substance dependence. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the motivational relevance of cocaine cues and whether or not an appetitive emotional system is involved employing event-related potential (ERP) measurements. Methods: Cocaine-addicted subjects and healthy controls were exposed to neutral and cocaine-related pictures whilst ERPs were recorded simultaneously over frontal, parietal and midline sites. Results: Patients exhibited ERP amplitude discrepancies between neutral and cocaine-related pictures for N300, late slow positive wave (LSPW) and sustained slow positive wave (SSPW), whilst this effect was absent in control subjects. Differences in neutral and cocaine cue-evoked ERP waves were also found at left frontal sites for LSPW and SSPW in the patient group only. No group-specific cue-evoked ERP amplitudes were observed at parietal and midline sites. Conclusion: The findings confirm the assumption that cocaine cues induce motivational relevance in cocainedependent individuals. It is possible that exposure to cocaine cues triggers an appetitive emotional system since left frontal sites are assumed to be involved in processing positive emotional-laden stimuli. The present study provides evidence that the sensitivity of ERP correlates for cocaine cues may be an indicator of motivational and emotional processes in drug-dependent individuals.

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“…For the patient group, previous substance abuse was assessed using the Drug Use scale of the Addiction Severity Index (Hendriks et al 1989).…”

Section: Behavioural Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related potentials indicate motivational relevance of cocaine cues in abstinent cocaine addicts

et al. 2004

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“…Volunteers signed the informed consent on the third day of detoxification treatment. Cocaine use severity was assessed using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI; McLellan et al, 1980;Hendriks et al, 1989) and past week craving using the cocaine version of the Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS; Franken et al, 2002). On the fourth day of treatment, participants were escorted to the Erasmus Medical Center where they performed the cocaine Stroop task in the scanner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Differences in Anterior Cingulate Activation Associated with Attentional Bias Predict Cocaine Use After Treatment

Marhe

Luijten

Wetering

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Drug-dependent patients often relapse into drug use after treatment. Behavioral studies show that enhanced attentional bias to drug cues is a precursor of relapse. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study examined whether brain regions involved in attentional bias are predictive of cocaine use after treatment. Attentional bias-related brain activity was measured-with a cocaine Stroop task-in cocaine-dependent patients during their first week in detoxification treatment and was used to predict cocaine use at 3-month follow-up. The predictive value of attentional bias-related brain activity in a priori defined regions of interest, in addition to other measures such as self-reports of substance severity, craving, and behavioral attentional bias were examined. The results show that craving in the week before treatment and individual variability in attentional bias-related activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) were significant predictors of days of cocaine use at 3-month follow-up and accounted for 45% in explained variance. Brain activity in the dACC uniquely contributed 22% of explained variance to the prediction model. These findings suggest that hyperactive attentional biasrelated brain activity in the dACC might be a biomarker of relapse vulnerability as early as in the first week of detoxification treatment. Ultimately, this may help to develop individually tailored treatment interventions to reduce relapse risk.

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“…The Dutch version of the Addiction Severity Index (ASIR) (Hendriks et al, 1989;McLellan et al, 1980) was used to collect information on several life aspects. These are physical health, employment, alcohol and drug use, legal status, social functioning, and psychiatric problems.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for psychopathology in the clinical practice

Eland-Goossensen

Goor

Garretsen

et al. 1997

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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The addiction severity index: Reliability and validity in a Dutch addict population

Cited by 213 publications

References 19 publications

Event-related potentials indicate motivational relevance of cocaine cues in abstinent cocaine addicts

Event-related potentials indicate motivational relevance of cocaine cues in abstinent cocaine addicts

Individual Differences in Anterior Cingulate Activation Associated with Attentional Bias Predict Cocaine Use After Treatment

Screening for psychopathology in the clinical practice

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