The Action of Mersalyl, Calomel and Theophylline Sodium Acetate on the Kidney of the Rat

Abstract

It has been shown that the creatinine clearance in man (Blumgart, Gilligan, Levy, Brown, and Volk, 1934) or dogs (Davenport, Fulton, Van Auken and Parsons, 1934;Walker, Schmidt, Elsom, and Johnston, 1937) is not increased by mercurial compounds; nor did thermostromuhr measurements in anaesthetized dogs reveal any constant changes of the renal blood flow when mercurial diuretics were injected (Walker et al., 1937). It was, therefore, concluded that the mercurial compounds exert their diuretic effect by reducing the tubular water reabsorption. Objections could be raised against the interpretation of some of these experiments: (1) the creatinine clearance can no longer be regarded as the expression of the glomerular filtration rate in man (Shannon, 1935); (2) Experimental procedure. The experimental procedures for the determination of simultaneous inulin and diodone clearances in rats have been described in a previous paper

THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MERCURIAL DIURETICS IN RATS; THE RENAL METABOLISM OF p‐CHLOROMERCURIBENZOATE AND ITS EFFECTS ON URINARY EXCRETION

“…In general p-chloromercuribenzoate has similar effects to those elicited by well-known mercurial diuretics: first, the limited dose range over which p-chloromercuribenzoate is diuretic has also been observed with chlormerodrin (Light, 1959) and mersalyl (McColl, Parker & Ferguson, 1956); secondly, the maximum increase in urine flow (approximately 1.8 times the control value in Fig. 2) is similar in magnitude to that observed in rats injected with chlormerodrin (Brunner, 1959;Cummings, Haynes, Lipchuck & Ronsberg, 1960); and thirdly, the depression in chloride excretion has also been observed in rats injected with chlormerodrin (Light, 1959) and mersalyl (Dicker, 1948). p-Chloromercuribenzoate apparently differs from chlormerodrin in that it depresses sodium excretion in the first 24 hr after injection.…”

Modification by Ascorbic Acid and British Antilewisite of the Effect of Mercuhydrin on Renal Tubular Function in Man 1

“…The capacity of mercurial diuretics to depress the transport of PAH across the renal tubular membrane in man is in contrast to the effect of this agent in the dog, but corresponds to the effect in the rat (5). The protection of TmPAH from mercurial effect and the inhibition of mercurial diuresis by BAL are in accord with the known properties of this agent.…”

THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MERCURIAL DIURETICS IN RATS; THE METABOLISM OF 203Hg‐LABELLED CHLORMERODRIN

“…The sluggish action of the mercurials probably accounts for the view expressed by some workers that these compounds produce little if any diuresis in the rat. Furthermore, sodium mersalyl was used in many of the early experiments and is perhaps the least effective of the mercurials in rats (Dicker, 1948;Brunner, 1959a). Recent work, however, indicates that other mercurial diuretics, including chlormerodrin, are effective in a dosage range of 2 to 4 mg of mercury per kg, similar to that used in man, dog and other species (Brunner, 1959a;Light, 1959;Sisson, Haynes, Lipchuck & Cummings, 1959;Bondini & Rapisard, 1961).…”