Textured Tubular Nanoparticle Structures: Precursor‐Templated Synthesis of GaN Sub‐micrometer Sized Tubes

Abstract

Porous and sub‐micrometer tubes made of textured GaN nanoparticles have been synthesized by an in situ chemical reaction and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectroscopies. The in situ reaction involves thermal decomposition and nitridation of 1D gallium oxyhydroxide (GaOOH) at temperatures in the range of 700–900 °C. The 1D shape of the precursor GaOOH is maintained in the resultant GaN tubes. The GaN nanocrystals (estimated to be about 15 nm in size) are found to be highly oriented with respect to each other in the tube structure, with the [110] GaN direction parallel to the tube axis. The growth mechanism of the tube structure has also been studied. β‐Ga2O3 is found to be an intermediate phase between the starting GaOOH precursor and the final GaN product. The growth mechanism involves decomposition of GaOOH, which produces β‐Ga2O3 tubes with hollow interiors, and nitridation of β‐Ga2O3, which leads to growth of textured GaN nanocrystals. Based on the growth mechanism, tubular structures with either quasi‐circular or rectangular cross section are selectively synthesized by controlling the heating rate and calcination temperature. This in situ chemical reaction method provides a new route for synthesizing 1D hollow nanostructures.

Formation of Hollow Gallium Nitride Spheres via Silica Sphere Templates

“…This is understandable considering the original thin oxide shells and the extent of atom migration during the high-temperature nitridation process. This porous shell structure has also been reported for GaN tubes with porous nanowalls after nitridation of β-Ga 2 O 3 tubes . Figure b is the XRD pattern of the SiO 2 −GaN core−shell nanostructures.…”

Formation of Hollow Gallium Nitride Spheres via Silica Sphere Templates

“…This is understandable considering the original thin oxide shells and the extent of atom migration during the high-temperature nitridation process. This porous shell structure has also been reported for GaN tubes with porous nanowalls after nitridation of β-Ga 2 O 3 tubes . Figure b is the XRD pattern of the SiO 2 −GaN core−shell nanostructures.…”

Topotactic Conversion Route to Mesoporous Quasi‐Single‐Crystalline Co3O4 Nanobelts with Optimizable Electrochemical Performance

“…Herein, we report the fabrication of unique mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanobelts by a thermal decomposition from precursory α ‐Co(OH) 2 nanobelts based on the topotactic relationship between the (0001) Co(OH) 2 and (111) Co 3 O 4 planes. During the formation of mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 , the nanobelt frameworks (skeletons) could be maintained, as was expected based on previous work involving mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanowires,26 our earlier research involving the fabrication of textured nanoparticle‐assembled GaN submicrotubes constructed from submicro‐sized GaOOH rods,27 and investigations involving [111]‐oriented growth of Co 3 O 4 from (0001) planes of β ‐Co(OH) 2 with layered brucite‐like structures 28. This topotactic growth will provide an effective and versatile route to controlled fabrication of nanostructured oxides with optimizable properties.…”

Facile Chemical Conversion Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Uniform Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Tb)-Doped NaLuF4 Nanowires and LuBO3 Microdisks

“…In this process, the precursor dissolves gradually in solution and then reacts with the reactants to form new crystals of the products. 26,42,43 In the present study, we hypothesize that the formation process of the NaLuF 4 nanowires can be expressed as an interface chemical transformation mechanism (the former mechanism). Up to now, some one-dimensional (1D) inorganic materials, such as GdVO 4 nanorods, 23 CdTe nanotubes, 24 and CePO 4 nanotubes, 44 have been successfully obtained by the interface chemical transformation process from their corresponding 1D precursors.…”

Formation of Hollow Gallium Nitride Spheres via Silica Sphere Templates

“…This is understandable considering the original thin oxide shells and the extent of atom migration during the high-temperature nitridation process. This porous shell structure has also been reported for GaN tubes with porous nanowalls after nitridation of β-Ga 2 O 3 tubes . Figure b is the XRD pattern of the SiO 2 −GaN core−shell nanostructures.…”

Topotactic Conversion Route to Mesoporous Quasi‐Single‐Crystalline Co3O4 Nanobelts with Optimizable Electrochemical Performance

“…Herein, we report the fabrication of unique mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanobelts by a thermal decomposition from precursory α ‐Co(OH) 2 nanobelts based on the topotactic relationship between the (0001) Co(OH) 2 and (111) Co 3 O 4 planes. During the formation of mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 , the nanobelt frameworks (skeletons) could be maintained, as was expected based on previous work involving mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanowires,26 our earlier research involving the fabrication of textured nanoparticle‐assembled GaN submicrotubes constructed from submicro‐sized GaOOH rods,27 and investigations involving [111]‐oriented growth of Co 3 O 4 from (0001) planes of β ‐Co(OH) 2 with layered brucite‐like structures 28. This topotactic growth will provide an effective and versatile route to controlled fabrication of nanostructured oxides with optimizable properties.…”

Facile Chemical Conversion Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Uniform Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Tb)-Doped NaLuF4 Nanowires and LuBO3 Microdisks

“…In this process, the precursor dissolves gradually in solution and then reacts with the reactants to form new crystals of the products. 26,42,43 In the present study, we hypothesize that the formation process of the NaLuF 4 nanowires can be expressed as an interface chemical transformation mechanism (the former mechanism). Up to now, some one-dimensional (1D) inorganic materials, such as GdVO 4 nanorods, 23 CdTe nanotubes, 24 and CePO 4 nanotubes, 44 have been successfully obtained by the interface chemical transformation process from their corresponding 1D precursors.…”

Formation of Hollow Gallium Nitride Spheres via Silica Sphere Templates

“…This is understandable considering the original thin oxide shells and the extent of atom migration during the high-temperature nitridation process. This porous shell structure has also been reported for GaN tubes with porous nanowalls after nitridation of β-Ga 2 O 3 tubes . Figure b is the XRD pattern of the SiO 2 −GaN core−shell nanostructures.…”

Topotactic Conversion Route to Mesoporous Quasi‐Single‐Crystalline Co3O4 Nanobelts with Optimizable Electrochemical Performance

“…Herein, we report the fabrication of unique mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanobelts by a thermal decomposition from precursory α ‐Co(OH) 2 nanobelts based on the topotactic relationship between the (0001) Co(OH) 2 and (111) Co 3 O 4 planes. During the formation of mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 , the nanobelt frameworks (skeletons) could be maintained, as was expected based on previous work involving mesoporous quasi‐single‐crystalline Co 3 O 4 nanowires,26 our earlier research involving the fabrication of textured nanoparticle‐assembled GaN submicrotubes constructed from submicro‐sized GaOOH rods,27 and investigations involving [111]‐oriented growth of Co 3 O 4 from (0001) planes of β ‐Co(OH) 2 with layered brucite‐like structures 28. This topotactic growth will provide an effective and versatile route to controlled fabrication of nanostructured oxides with optimizable properties.…”

Facile Chemical Conversion Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Uniform Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Tb)-Doped NaLuF4 Nanowires and LuBO3 Microdisks

“…In this process, the precursor dissolves gradually in solution and then reacts with the reactants to form new crystals of the products. 26,42,43 In the present study, we hypothesize that the formation process of the NaLuF 4 nanowires can be expressed as an interface chemical transformation mechanism (the former mechanism). Up to now, some one-dimensional (1D) inorganic materials, such as GdVO 4 nanorods, 23 CdTe nanotubes, 24 and CePO 4 nanotubes, 44 have been successfully obtained by the interface chemical transformation process from their corresponding 1D precursors.…”