Testicular cancer in androgen insensitivity syndrome in a Mexican population

Abstract

Male pseudohermaphroditism and androgen insensitivity syndrome cases have an increased risk of developing testicular cancer due to many factors such as mutations, hormonal disturbances involving gonadotropins and cryptorchidism. We describe the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of two cases with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome and testicular cancer development, which were handled at the National Cancer Institute of Mexico.

Laparoscopy in inguinal hernia and complete androgen insensitivity syndrome in children. Whether and when to remove the gonads because of cancer?

“…This has lead to the conclusion that infants of female gender with bilateral inguinal hernias should be subjected to examinations for CAIS or the syndrome associated with the presence of the genotype XY [5][6][7]. Due to the fact that there is a low risk (3-5%) of gonadal carcinogenesis (the most frequent tumour is seminoma) up to the age of 25 [5,8], the saving of the testes and their removal not before the period of puberty allows the natural development of the breasts, without the necessity for exogenous administration of oestrogens [5]. This is due to the transformation of androgens into oestrogens, and also allows the patient to make a conscious decision concerning the date and type of surgical procedure.…”

“…Carcinomas related with undescended male gonads occur at an older age. These are primarily seminoma, dysgerminoma, or gonadoblastoma [6][7][8]11]. Patients should undergo regular check-ups, as practised in patients with cryptorchidism.…”

“…Patients should undergo regular check-ups, as practised in patients with cryptorchidism. Early removal of the gonads results in the necessity for supplementation of oestrogens already in the early period of puberty in order to shape the feminine phenotype [8,17].…”