Territorialité et territoires de chasse familiaux chez les Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok dans le contexte contemporain

Éthier, Benoit; Poirier, Sylvie

doi:10.3138/anth.60.1.t11

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The concept of entangled territorialities makes it possible to account not only for the ways in which land tenure and resource management are carried out, but also for the ontological knowledge, values, and principles that underlie and guide how Indigenous peoples relate to territory (Dussart and Poirier 2017; Éthier and Poirier 2018). It also allows us to stress the dynamics through which Indigenous and non‐Indigenous worlds, stakeholders, and practices meet, experience tensions, and coexist within Indigenous ancestral territories (Sack 1986).…”

Section: Entangled Territorialities and Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Use Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok, territorial rights—rights of occupation and use—pertain to the knowledge of the Nitaskinan and to the types of relationships that are maintained with the ancestral territory. Families develop a form of expertise related to the management and use of resources within the family hunting territory ( natoho aski ) (Houde 2014; Éthier and Poirier 2018). They also have a social responsibility to share resources with other families, not all of whom have access to such resources (Poirier and Niquay 1999).…”

Section: Wectatowin Aski: the Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Land Tenure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resource use is prepared and determined according to annual seasonal cycles and coordinated according to hunters' knowledge of animal demographics and behaviour, and of the distribution of resources on the territory. In this case, it is extended family members who ensure the implementation of, and the respect of, their rights and responsibilities on the forestland, with respect to game sharing, invitations to share a hunting season ( wicakemowin ), trail maintenance ( mohonan, moteskano ), and passing on knowledge about the land (Éthier and Poirier 2018).…”

Section: Wectatowin Aski: the Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Land Tenure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyzing entangled territorialities and Indigenous use of maps: Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok (Quebec, Canada) dynamics of territorial negotiations, frictions, and creativity

Éthier

2020

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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This paper highlights the relevance of analyzing entangled territorialities and Indigenous use of maps in order to better understand what Lévy describes in terms of “spatial capital”—the socio‐economic dynamics and power relationships maintained and negotiated between the stakeholders interacting within the Indigenous forestland. More specifically, it discusses the entanglement dynamics of land tenures coexisting today within Nitaskinan, the ancestral territory claimed by the Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok. Within Nitaskinan, members of the First Nation negotiate the continuity of their practices, occupation, and use of ancestral hunting territories with state institutions, logging companies, and non‐Indigenous members of civil society who have interests in the land resources. All these stakeholders implement different territorial regimes that interact and sometimes conflict. Based on concrete ethnographic examples, the analysis presented here focuses on the compromises, frictions, resistance, and creativity that are part of territorial coexistence between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous people.

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Section: Entangled Territorialities and Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Use Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wectatowin Aski: the Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Land Tenure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wectatowin Aski: the Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Land Tenure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyzing entangled territorialities and Indigenous use of maps: Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok (Quebec, Canada) dynamics of territorial negotiations, frictions, and creativity

Éthier

2020

Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes

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“…Mohonan are ancestral canoe routes and moteskano are ancestral winter trails. These terms cannot simply be translated as "trails" (meskanaw) because they refer to an action performed by the ancestors within dwelling places (Éthier and Poirier 2018).…”

Section: Nehirowisiw Otiperitamowin: Power Rights and Responsibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok work hard to maintain their own political and decision-making instruments with respect to family hunting territories. For example, they elaborate various mechanisms to give Elders and territorial leaders (ka nikaniwitcik) an important voice in political decision making with regard to community activities taking place within family hunting territories (Éthier 2017;Éthier and Poirier 2018;Houde 2011Houde , 2014Poirier 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redefining the Lexicon of Power, Envisioning the Future: The Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Nation and the Comprehensive Land Claims Negotiations

Éthier

Ottawa²,

Coocoo³

2020

anthropologica

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Treaties and land claims negotiations between state institutions and Indigenous Peoples are necessarily tied to issues of territorial entanglements, resistance and coexistence. Regularly, studies of these negotiation dynamics make explicit the articulation and differentiation of Indigenous “life projects,” referring to the embodiment of socio-cultural desires, visions, aspirations and purposes – vis-à-vis neoliberal development projects. This article focuses precisely on the dynamics of negotiation in which the Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok (north-central Quebec) and state institutions have been involved for the last 40 years under the Comprehensive Land Claims Policy. More specifically, it addresses different policy mechanisms such as the extinguishment policy, burden of proof, debt obligations and results-based approach that are part and parcel of the negotiation process. Without disregarding the unequal power relations, this article also presents the motivations and aspirations expressed by the Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok in the negotiation process. It explains how their engagements are mobilised into nehirowisiw orocowewin – that is, a larger and deeper political and cultural project relating to the affirmation of nehirowisiw miro pimatisiwin, an Indigenous way of life and living well that is tied to the maintenance of a creative and open-ended coexistence based on reciprocity, complementarity, autonomy and consensus.

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A collaborative typology of boreal Indigenous landscapes

Bélisle

Asselin

2021

Can. J. For. Res.

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Climate change and natural resource extraction are transforming boreal forest landscapes, with effects on Indigenous people’s relationship with the land. Collaborative management could enhance the consideration of Indigenous perspectives and limit negative outcomes of environmental change, but it remains the exception rather than the norm. We addressed barriers to involvement of Indigenous people in land management by developing a method to enhance communication and trust, while favouring bottom-up decision-making. We partnered with the Abitibiwinni and Ouje-Bougoumou First Nations (boreal Quebec, Canada) (1) to develop indicators of Indigenous landscape state, (2) to create a typology of Indigenous hunting grounds, and 3) to suggest guidelines for sustainable land management in Indigenous contexts. Through participatory mapping and semi-directed interviews with 23 local experts, we identified factors influencing Indigenous landscape value. Using open-access data, we developed indicators to measure landscape state according to those values. We identified four types of hunting grounds with k-means clustering, based upon biophysical factors and disturbance history. Our results suggest that land management should aim to reduce differences between hunting ground states and consider the risk of rapid shifts from one state to another.

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Territorialité et territoires de chasse familiaux chez les Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok dans le contexte contemporain

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Analyzing entangled territorialities and Indigenous use of maps: Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok (Quebec, Canada) dynamics of territorial negotiations, frictions, and creativity

Analyzing entangled territorialities and Indigenous use of maps: Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok (Quebec, Canada) dynamics of territorial negotiations, frictions, and creativity

Redefining the Lexicon of Power, Envisioning the Future: The Atikamekw Nehirowisiw Nation and the Comprehensive Land Claims Negotiations

A collaborative typology of boreal Indigenous landscapes

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