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INTRODUCTIONBased on the rationale of increasing administrative power and obtaining efficiency through economies of scale, municipal upscaling in Western European states has intensified in recent years. Despite this general tendency the specific trajectories of municipal amalgamations vary strongly between countries. Sometimes local government re-scaling evolves incrementally, sometimes it occurs in a more drastic way, or not at all. So far these differences in trajectories have not been statisfactorily explained. There have been a number of studies describing the amalgamation process or analyzing the effects (mostly financial) in specific countries (e.g., Dollery et al. 2004;Reingewertz 2012;Kjaer et al. 2010;Kushner and Siegel 2005). Comparative explanatory studies between countries, however,
ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND RESEARCH DESIGNWe took a predominantly inductive approach, using a wide analytical framework as starting point.The model proposed by Pollitt and Bouckaert (2004) provides a general insight into factors influencing public management reform. It includes (1) socio-economic forces, such as economic forces, socio-economic policies, and socio-demographic change; (2) the political system, including deep-structural features of the system, as well as dynamic elements such as new management ideas, pressures from citizens, and party political ideas; (3) elite decision making on what is desirable and feasible; (4) change events, such as scandals or disasters; and (5) the administrative system, covering content of reforms, implementation, and results.