Ten years after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake and tsunami: Geological and environmental effects and implications for disaster policy changes

Goto, Kazuhisa; Ishizawa, Takashi; Ebina, Yuichi; Imamura, Fumihiko; Sato, Shosuke; Udo, Keiko

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103417

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…In the seventeenth century, a massive tsunami associated with the activity of the Kuril Trench exhibited a high capacity of inundation along the coast of Hokkaido, leaving deposits far inland and in high cliff areas (Ioki and Tanioka 2016). The magnitudes of these earthquakes have attracted the attention of the scientific community, particularly after the catastrophic 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami (TOT), which clearly demonstrated that understanding tsunami hazard was not adequate to develop an effective disaster risk reduction strategy and prevent casualties due to tsunami episodes (Goto et al 2021). To increase the knowledge regarding the frequency and magnitude of events from historical records, several studies evaluating the sedimentological evidence of tsunamis have been conducted along the Sanriku Coast (Minoura et al 1994;Sugawara et al 2012;Ishimura and Miyauchi 2015;Takada et al 2016;Inoue et al 2017;Ishizawa et al 2018;Ishizawa et al 2022) and the Pacific coast of Hokkaido (Nanayama et al 2002(Nanayama et al , 2003(Nanayama et al , 2007Hirakawa et al 2005;Ishizawa et al 2017).…”

Section: Paleotsunami Studies In the Pacific Coast Of Northern Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleotsunami history of Hachinohe, northern Japan: a multiproxy analysis and numerical modeling approach

Velasco-Reyes

Goto

Sugawara

et al. 2022

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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Paleotsunami studies along the Pacific coast of Tohoku, northern Japan, have been considerably developed recently, particularly after the massive impact of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. Nevertheless, in the southernmost Shimokita Peninsula, studies pertaining to paleotsunami are underdeveloped, leading to a vague understanding of the tsunamigenic sources northward of the Tohoku region, along with incomplete hazard evaluation. Paleotsunami deposits in Shimokita can be related not only to the Japan Trench along the Sanriku coast but also to the Kuril trench along the Pacific coast of Hokkaido. In this study, we unveiled the paleotsunami history of Hachinohe in northern Tohoku. Using a combination of sedimentological, geochemical, paleontological, and mineralogical proxies, we characterized seven sand layers that dated from ca. 2700 to ca. 5500 yr BP based on radiocarbon (14C) ages as event deposits of marine origin. Sedimentological and paleontological evidence coupled with ground-penetrating radar imagery revealed a marsh environment comprising successive extinct ponds, controlling the depositional environment. Numerical modeling ruled out the possibility of storms as genetic sources, leading to the conclusion that the presence of event deposits with marine sediments in the study area would be associated with tsunami inundation episodes. Based on 14C dating, the mean frequency of recurrence of tsunamis is estimated as 384 years (320–450 yr, 95% confidence interval) and a coefficient of variation of 0.78 (0.68–0.99, 95% confidence interval). The previously recorded limited paleotsunami evidence and absence of an estimated recurrence interval in the Shimokita Peninsula reaffirm the importance of Hachinohe as a tsunami record site for the activity of both trenches.

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Section: Paleotsunami Studies In the Pacific Coast Of Northern Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleotsunami history of Hachinohe, northern Japan: a multiproxy analysis and numerical modeling approach

Velasco-Reyes

Goto

Sugawara

et al. 2022

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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“…On 11 March 2011, a large area of the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, was hit by a mega-earthquake followed by a huge tsunami (Goto et al 2021). The tsunami exerted significant effects on benthic communities, including primary producers (Komatsu et al 2015, Hamaoka et al 2020) and consumers (Seike et al 2013, Muraoka et al 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbed virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay (Japan) after the mega-earthquake and tsunami in March 2011

Nagata¹,

Yang²,

Fukuda³

2022

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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On 11 March 2011, a mega-earthquake followed by a huge tsunami hit a large area of the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, and caused widespread disturbances in marine ecosystems; however, the impacts on virus-bacteria systems have not yet been elucidated. To investigate whether virus-bacteria interactions were affected by the earthquake and tsunami, we analyzed time series data of viral and bacterial abundances in Otsuchi Bay. Data were collected every 2 mo, from July 2011 to September 2015. Bacterial abundance exhibited a recurrent seasonal cycle with high abundance during the warm season. The seasonal trend of viruses generally followed that of the bacteria, yielding an average virus to bacteria ratio (VBR) of 10.8 ± 3.6 (mean ± SD; n = 432). A notable exception was found at the first 2 sampling times (July and September 2011) when the VBR was consistently low, with an average value of 5.9 ± 1.2 (n = 32). The average VBR during these time periods was substantially lower than the VBR observed in the same season of subsequent years. An analysis of the subset of data collected in the warm season of 2011 and 2012 revealed that the viral abundance and VBR were negatively correlated with turbidity. These results support the hypothesis that viruses were scavenged by non-host particles from the resuspended sediments and damaged catchment. The earthquake and tsunami thus exerted a prolonged impact, over several months, on the virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay.

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“…Tsunami deposits with well-constrained ages are important for recording disasters, as well as for estimating post-depositional changes, such as weathering and early diagenesis (Goto et al 2021;Nishimura 2009). Herein we document the basic geological characteristics of tsunami deposits and aeolian sand, including their distributions, grain-size parameters, and diatom assemblages, in Happo Town, Akita Prefecture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunami deposits associated with the 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake tsunami in coastal forests near Happo Town, Akita Prefecture, Japan

Chiba

Nishimura

2022

Earth Planets Space

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On 26 May 1983 the Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake occurred off the western coast of Noshiro City, Akita Prefecture, Japan. The tsunami associated with this earthquake caused widespread damage to the northeastern coastal region of the Sea of Japan, including Akita Prefecture, and left behind sand and mud deposits. These deposits were first described in the 1990s, but have not been studied further. During December 2019 and January 2020, we conducted geological surveys to investigate post-1948 soil thinning in the pine-based coastal protective forests planted near Happo Town. A sand layer that thinned inland was observed in the soil at depths greater than 10 cm. Because the sand layer contained well-preserved fossil brackish–marine diatoms and exhibited a high bulk density, it is likely that the sand was transported inland from the coast. The sand layer was distributed from the coast to 150–270 m inland, but only within the coastal protective forest. By reference to historical records, we concluded that this sand layer was deposited by the 1983 tsunami, because this region could not have been reached by any event other than the tsunami produced by the Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake. We also observed another sand layer above the tsunami deposits, which may have been formed by Typhoon 9119 on 28 September 1991. Graphical Abstract

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Ten years after the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake and tsunami: Geological and environmental effects and implications for disaster policy changes

Cited by 37 publications

References 133 publications

Paleotsunami history of Hachinohe, northern Japan: a multiproxy analysis and numerical modeling approach

Paleotsunami history of Hachinohe, northern Japan: a multiproxy analysis and numerical modeling approach

Disturbed virus-bacteria dynamics in Otsuchi Bay (Japan) after the mega-earthquake and tsunami in March 2011

Tsunami deposits associated with the 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake tsunami in coastal forests near Happo Town, Akita Prefecture, Japan

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