Temporomandibular Joint Assessment of Pre and Post Prosthetic Treatment of Partially Edentulous Patient (Radiographic Examination)

Abstract

Aims: This study investigates the condyle position in temporal fossa of completely and partially dentated patients pre and post prosthetic treatment, and compares between right and left condyles in both groups by radiographic Examination. Materials and Methods: Twenty two completely dentate patients (20-28) years old, and thirty partially dentate patients (35-65) years old meet the criteria of the study. For each patient a temporary removable acrylic partial denture was constructed. By using planmeca digital radiography device (Finland), the radiograph for TMJ were taken by special panoramic technique in open and close mouth position for both groups (Pre, at, and Post insertion of dental prosthesis). By using Dimaxis software program the linear measurements of the narrowest anterior and posterior joint spaces made by using program tools, the articular eminence inclination angle in closed mouth position also measured, and statistical analysis by using SPSS program version 11.5 for all data. Results: The results showed that in completely dentated patient, 76.5% had condyles in concentric position, patients who had lost posterior teeth support showed a predominance of posterior condylar positions and significant decreased in displacement after prosthodontic treatment (P=0.015 for right side and P=0.032 for left side) at significant level 0.05. Asymmetry in concentric position of condyle between right and left side, but insignificant value P>0.05. There is significant difference in the inclination of articular eminence angle between completely and partially dentate patients P=0.01 for the right side and P=.005for the left side. Conclusions: Posterior displacement of the condyle associated with loss of posterior teeth. Significant change in the condylar position occurred after prosthetic rehabilitation, patient's comfort obtained when the position of condyle in glenoid fossa is (concentric position + 0.35mm). The loss of teeth caused remodeling of articular eminence inclination.

The effect of tooth loss on the temporomandibular joint space: A CBCT study

“…The teeth have a crucial role in establishing a secure vertical and distal relationship between the mandible and maxilla. Additionally, they serve as guiding planes for the anterior and lateral movement of the jaw throughout the range of motion where the teeth are in contact (Shehab et al, 2011 ).…”

“…Several studies have shown that tooth loss can greatly affect the TMJ morphology in several ways. The absence of posterior teeth, in particular, and the subsequent loss of the occlusal curve can disrupt the balance between adaptation and functional harmony, leading to impaired functionality (Shehab et al, 2011 ). Furthermore, the loss of teeth might have an impact on the inclination of the articular eminence through the process of remodeling (Shehab et al, 2011 ).…”