Temporal lobe lesions and semantic impairment: a comparison of herpes simplex virus encephalitis and semantic dementia

Noppeney, Uta; Patterson, Karalyn; Tyler, Lorraine K.; Moss, Helen E.; Stamatakis, Emmanuel A.; Bright, Peter; Mummery, Cath; Price, Cathy J.

doi:10.1093/brain/awl344

Cited by 168 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…However, our results revealed longer involvement of the activation of the anterior part of inferior temporal lobe for semantic compared with phonological task. This result confirms the crucial role of this region for the semantic access (Mummery et al, 2000;Marinkovic et al, 2003;Bright et al, 2004;Gorno-Tempini et al, 2004;Noppeney et al, 2007;Fujimaki et al, 2009;Lambon Ralph et al, 2009;Binney et al, 2010;Visser et al, 2010). This region could serve as a hub within the widespread semantic system.…”

Section: Spatiotemporal Integration Of Phonological and Semantic Procsupporting

confidence: 80%

Dynamic Causal Modeling of Spatiotemporal Integration of Phonological and Semantic Processes: An Electroencephalographic Study

Yvert

Perrone‐Bertolotti²,

Baciu³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

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Integration of phonological and lexicosemantic processes is essential for visual word recognition. Here we used dynamic causal modeling of event-related potentials, combined with group source reconstruction, to estimate how those processes translate into context-dependent modulation of effective connectivity within the temporal-frontal language network. Fifteen healthy human subjects performed a phoneme detection task in pseudo-words and a semantic categorization task in words. Cortical current densities revealed the sequential activation of temporal regions, from the occipital-temporal junction toward the anterior temporal lobe, before reaching the inferior frontal gyrus. A difference of activation between phonology and semantics was identified in the anterior temporal lobe within the 240 -300 ms peristimulus time window. Dynamic causal modeling indicated this increase of activation of the anterior temporal lobe in the semantic condition as a consequence of an increaseofforwardconnectivityfromtheposteriorinferiortemporallobetotheanteriortemporallobe.Inaddition,fastactivationoftheinferior frontal region, which allowed a feedback control of frontal regions on the superior temporal and posterior inferior temporal cortices, was found to be likely. Our results precisely describe spatiotemporal network mechanisms occurring during integration of phonological and semantic processes. In particular, they support the hypothesis of multiple pathways within the temporal lobe for language processing, where frontal regions would exert a top-down control on temporal regions in the recruitment of the anterior temporal lobe for semantic processing.

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Section: Spatiotemporal Integration Of Phonological and Semantic Procsupporting

confidence: 80%

Dynamic Causal Modeling of Spatiotemporal Integration of Phonological and Semantic Processes: An Electroencephalographic Study

Yvert

Perrone‐Bertolotti²,

Baciu³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

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“…Brambati et al 2006;Noppeney, Patterson, Tyler, Moss, Stamatakis, Bright, Mummery, & Price, 2007;Papagno, Capasso, & Miceli, 2009). This result motivates the use of fMRI longitudinally in patients to study the deterioration of object knowledge with the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Activity for Animals and Manipulable Objects in the Anterior Temporal Lobes

Anzellotti

Mahon

Schwarzbach

et al. 2011

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract:Neuropsychological evidence has highlighted the role of the anterior temporal lobes in the processing of conceptual knowledge. That putative role is only beginning to be investigated with fMRI as methodological advances are able to compensate for well known susceptibility artifacts that affect the quality of the BOLD signal. In the present paper, we describe differential BOLD activation for pictures of animals and manipulable objects in the anterior temporal lobes, consistent with previous neuropsychological findings. Furthermore, we find that the pattern of BOLD signal in the anterior temporal lobes is qualitatively different from that in the fusiform gyri. The latter regions are activated to different extents but always above baseline by images of the preferred and of the non-preferred categories, while the anterior temporal lobes tend to be activated by images of the preferred category and deactivated (BOLD below baseline) by images of the non-preferred category. In our experimental design, we also manipulated the decision that participants made over stimuli from the different semantic categories. We found that in the right temporal pole, the BOLD signal shows some evidence of being modulated by the task that participants were asked to perform, while BOLD activity in more posterior regions (e.g. the fusiform gyri) is not modulated by the task.These results reconcile the fMRI literature with the neuropsychological findings of deficits for animals after damage to the right temporal pole and suggest that anterior and posterior regions within the temporal lobes involved in object processing perform qualitatively different computations. ATL ACTIVITY FOR ANIMALS AND TOOLS

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“…Third, results from the outcome of epilepsy-related resections are complicated by two factors: (i) longstanding epilepsy might lead to changes in neural organization, and, indeed, recent imaging studies have shown that white matter connectivity and neurotransmitter function are significantly altered in this condition (27,28); and (ii) this procedure is unilateral, whereas SD patients have bilateral temporal lobe atrophy. Other neurological disorders, such as herpes simplex virus encephalitis, do produce semantic impairment when damage affects the same bilateral temporal lobe regions as semantic dementia (9,29).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anterior temporal lobes mediate semantic representation: Mimicking semantic dementia by using rTMS in normal participants

Pobric

Jefferies

Ralph

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

339

327

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Studies of semantic dementia and PET neuroimaging investigations suggest that the anterior temporal lobes (ATL) are a critical substrate for semantic representation. In stark contrast, classical neurological models of comprehension do not include ATL, and likewise functional MRI studies often fail to show activations in the ATL, reinforcing the classical view. Using a novel application of low-frequency, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the ATL, we demonstrate that the behavioral pattern of semantic dementia can be mirrored in neurologically intact participants: Specifically, we show that temporary disruption to neural processing in the ATL produces a selective semantic impairment leading to significant slowing in both picture naming and word comprehension but not to other equally demanding, nonsemantic cognitive tasks.repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ͉ semantic cognition ͉ temporal pole S emantic memory encompasses the meaning of all types of verbal and nonverbal stimuli including words, pictures, objects, and faces. In addition to underpinning comprehension, it also allows us to express knowledge in a wide variety of domains, both verbal (e.g., naming and verbal definitions) and nonverbal (e.g., drawing and object use). As such, it is integral to our everyday lives, and impairments of semantic memory are extremely debilitating. Key questions for neuroscience research, therefore, are which parts of the brain support semantic memory, and how do they function?Various neurological disorders cause impairments of semantic processing; however, the purest syndrome is semantic dementia (SD; the temporal lobe variant of frontotemporal dementia) (1). This neurodegenerative disease results in relatively focal atrophy and hypometabolism of the anterior temporal lobes (ATL) bilaterally (2, 3). SD is characterized by progressive impairment of verbal and nonverbal semantic tasks, with anomia as the first presenting symptom (4-6). Strikingly, other aspects of language and cognition remain largely intact. SD patients have increasing difficulty distinguishing concepts from their semantic neighbors, reflecting an increasing loss of ''semantic acuity'' (6, 7). As such, the patients have greater difficulty activating specific semantic information (e.g., ''zebras have stripes'') than more general properties (e.g., ''zebras are animals'') (6, 8). Likewise, their naming difficulties are graded by specificity (higher naming accuracy for basic-level concepts such as dog than specific ones, e.g., springer spaniel) (9) with errors reflecting more general semantic knowledge (e.g., dog 3 ''animal'').Careful and extensive assessment of SD patients indicates that bilateral anterior temporal lobe regions support the formation of amodal semantic representations. Accordingly, SD patients exhibit poor comprehension of items presented in every modality, including spoken and written words, pictures, environmental sounds, smells, and touch (4, 10, 11). The marked semantic deficit is also apparent in production task...

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Temporal lobe lesions and semantic impairment: a comparison of herpes simplex virus encephalitis and semantic dementia

Cited by 168 publications

References 88 publications

Dynamic Causal Modeling of Spatiotemporal Integration of Phonological and Semantic Processes: An Electroencephalographic Study

Dynamic Causal Modeling of Spatiotemporal Integration of Phonological and Semantic Processes: An Electroencephalographic Study

Differential Activity for Animals and Manipulable Objects in the Anterior Temporal Lobes

Anterior temporal lobes mediate semantic representation: Mimicking semantic dementia by using rTMS in normal participants

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