Temporal expression profiling of novel Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus-encoded microRNAs upon infection of Sf21 cells

Kharbanda, Nishtha; Jalali, S. K.; Ojha, Rakshit; Bhatnagar, Raj K.

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000008

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…We had previously identified and validated the expression of ten novel Splt NPV miRNAs encoded upon infection of Sf2 1 cells and predicted their targets using RNAHybrid v2.0 19 . To understand the regulation of host proteome by Splt NPV miRNAs, we analysed the expression of their predicted targets in our analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative proteomics of Sf21 cells during Baculovirus infection reveals progressive host proteome changes and its regulation by viral miRNA

Nayyar

Kaur

Malhotra

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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System level knowledge of alterations in host is crucial to elucidate the molecular events of viral pathogenesis and to develop strategies to block viral establishment and amplification. Here, we applied quantitative proteomics approach to study global proteome changes in the host; Spodoptera frugiperda upon infection by a baculovirus, Spodoptera litura NPV at two stages i.e. 12 h and 72 h post infection. At 12 hpi, >95% of host proteins remained stable, however at 72 hpi, 52% host proteins exhibited downregulation of 2-fold or more. Functional analysis revealed significant upregulation of transposition and proteasomal machinery while translation, transcription, protein export and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were adversely affected. An assessment of perturbed proteome after viral infection and viral miRNA expression led to the identification of 117 genes that are potential targets of 10 viral miRNAs. Using miRNA mimics, we confirmed the down regulation of 9 host genes. The results comprehensively show dynamics of host responses after viral infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative proteomics of Sf21 cells during Baculovirus infection reveals progressive host proteome changes and its regulation by viral miRNA

Nayyar

Kaur

Malhotra

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Whether the reduction in proctolin expression after SeMNPV infection is the result of the direct effect of the virus on the host, a defence response of the host, or just a side effect of the physiological changes associated to the infection, remain to be elucidated. Down-regulation of host genes to increase viral fitness or evade the host's immune response by viral encoded miRNAs has been described for several baculovirus species (Kharbanda et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2010;Tang et al, 2019). At present, our analysis of SeMNPV-expressed miRNAs has not revealed miRNAs targeting to SeProctolin (data not shown).…”

Section: Gene Expression Analysis Of Larval Brain Revealed a Clear Domentioning

confidence: 65%

Neuropeptidome regulation after baculovirus infection. A focus on proctolin and its relevance in locomotion and digestion

Llopis-Giménez

Han

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Baculoviruses constitute a large group of invertebrate DNA viruses, predominantly infecting larvae of the insect order Lepidoptera. During a baculovirus infection, the virus spreads throughout the insect body producing a systemic infection in multiple larval tissues. Some behavioral and physiological changes in lepidopteran larvae have been described following a baculovirus infection and those changes could be connected with alterations in the host’s central nervous system (CNS). As a main component of the CNS, neuropeptides are small protein-like molecules functioning as neurohormones, neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. These peptides are involved in regulating animal physiology and behaviour and could also be targeted by baculoviruses in order to achieve host behavioural manipulations leading to increased viral fitness. In this study, we have investigated the effect of a Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) infection on the neuropeptidome gene expression of Spodoptera exigua larval heads and brains. Expression of the gene encoding the neuropeptide proctolin was severely downregulated following infection and was chosen for further analysis. A recombinant Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) overexpressing the S. exigua proctolin gene was generated and used in bioassays using S. exigua larvae to study its influence on the viral infection. AcMNPV-proctolin infected larvae showed less locomotion activity and suffered a loss of weight compared to larvae infected with wild type AcMNPV or mock-infected larvae. These results provide additional information on the role of proctolin during a baculovirus infection, and offers a novel hypothesis for the molecular bases for the behavioral changes associated with a baculovirus infection.

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“…mori [11]. Ten SpltNPV miRNAs that were reported in 2015 have also been validated [9]. AcMNPV, which is approximately 133 kb, serves as a model system for studying baculovirus molecular biology, was also reported encoding miRNAs, AcMNPV-miR-1 and AcMNPV-miR-3 in 2013 [8,12] by us, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Baculoviridae comprises a family of large, circular, double-stranded DNA viruses that are pathogens of arthropods. To date, three types of alpha baculoviruses, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), AcMNPV and Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV), have been reported to encode miRNAs [7][8][9]. Four BmNPV-encoded miRNAs were reported in 2010 [7], two of which were later functionally characterized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of miRNAs encoded by Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus

Wang¹,

Xing

Peng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Two Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) encoded miRNAs, AcMNPV-miR-1 and -miR-3, have been reported in 2013 and 2019. Here, we present an integrated investigation of AcMNPV-encoded miRNAs. Six candidate miRNAs were predicted through small RNA deep sequencing and bioinformatics, of which, five validated by experiments. Three miRNAs perfectly matched the coding sequence of viral genes. The other two are located in coding sequences of viral genes. Targets in both virus and host were predicted and subsequently tested using dual-luciferase reporter assay. The validated targets were found mainly in AcMNPV, except for the targets of AcMNPV-miR-4, which are all host genes. Based on reporter assays, the five miRNAs predominantly function by down-regulating their targets, though individual target is slightly up-regulated. The transcription start sites of these miRNAs were analyzed. Our results suggest that AcMNPV-encoded miRNAs function as fine modulators of the interactions between host and virus by regulating viral and/or host genes. Author summaryVirus-encoded miRNAs have been widely reported as modulators participating in almost all biological processes. However, among Baculoviridae, which consists of a large family of dsDNA viruses that infect numerous beneficial insects and agricultural pests, only several have been reported encoding miRNAs. To clarify the roles of AcMNPV-encoded miRNAs in host-pathogen interactions, we employed RNA deep sequencing and series of experimental approaches identifying AcMNPV-encoded miRNAs, followed by target validation and function deduction. Among them, AcMNPV-miR-1 and AcMNPV-miR-3 have been reported in 2013 and 2019, respectively. This study reveals the sites of these miRNAs in the genome, both in coding sequences and complements, suggesting diverse functions. These miRNAs target genes in the virus itself and in the host, largely by suppressing expression, with some enhancing it. The transcription initiations of the miRNAs were analyzed. Our results provide some insight into the finely regulated process of baculovirus infection. baculovirus molecular biology, was also reported encoding miRNAs, AcMNPV-miR-1 and AcMNPV-miR-3 in 2013 [8, 12] by us, respectively.AcMNPV-miR-1 can down-regulate viral gene ac94, reducing the production of infectious budded virions (BVs) and accelerating the formation of occlusion-derived virions (ODVs) [8]. In 2016, we further reported two more target genes (ac95 and ac18) of AcMNPV-miR-1, and depicted the function pathway of this miRNA [13]. As for AcMNPV-miR-3, it mainly down-regulates viral gene ac101, meanwhile, it also regulates other five viral genes [12]. All these findings indicate that baculovirus-encoded miRNAs play roles in multiple aspects of virus infection.Here, we provide an integrated characterization of these miRNAs which AcMNPV encoded. The investigation for AcMNPV-encoded miRNAs and their functions began with sequencing four small RNA samples collected from Sf9 cells infected with AcMNPV at three different time intervals...

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Temporal expression profiling of novel Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus-encoded microRNAs upon infection of Sf21 cells

Cited by 16 publications

References 82 publications

Quantitative proteomics of Sf21 cells during Baculovirus infection reveals progressive host proteome changes and its regulation by viral miRNA

Quantitative proteomics of Sf21 cells during Baculovirus infection reveals progressive host proteome changes and its regulation by viral miRNA

Neuropeptidome regulation after baculovirus infection. A focus on proctolin and its relevance in locomotion and digestion

Characterization of miRNAs encoded by Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus

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