Temporal dynamics of early perceptual processing

Hillyard, Steven A.; Teder‐Salejarvi, Wolfgang A.; Münte, Thomas F.

doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(98)80141-4

Cited by 213 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The 140-to 220-ms window was utilized to represent the posterior-N180/anterior-P180 peak. This peak represents the early automatic stage of word-processing, that is, the processing of welllearned stimuli such as letter strings (Hillyard et al, 1998). Consistent with previous ERP studies (e.g., Finnigan et al, 2002;Rugg et al, 1998), the 300-500 ms window was utilized to represent the N400 and the 500-to 800-ms window to represent the LPC.…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Changes in brain electrical activity during extended continuous word recognition

et al. 2005

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Twenty healthy subjects (10 men, 10 women) participated in an EEG study with an extended continuous recognition memory task, in which each of 30 words was randomly shown 10 times and subjects were required to make old vs. new decisions. Both event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and induced band power (IBP) were investigated. We hypothesized that repeated presentations affect recollection rather than familiarity.For the 300-to 500-ms time window, an dold/newT ERP effect was found for the first vs. second word presentations. The correct recognition of an doldT word was associated with a more positive waveform than the correct identification of a new word. The old/new effect was most pronounced at and around the midline parietal electrode position. For the 500-to 800-ms time window, a linear repetition effect was found for multiple word repetitions. Correct recognition after an increasing number of repetitions was associated with increasing positivity. The multiple repetitions effect was most pronounced at the midline central (Cz) and fronto-central (FCz) electrode positions and reflects a graded recollection process: the stronger the memory trace grows, the more positive the ERP in the 500-to 800-ms time window. The ERP results support a dual-processing model, with familiarity being discernable from a more graded recollection state that depends on memory strengths.For IBP, we found dold/newT effects for the lower-2 alpha, theta, and delta bands, with higher bandpower during doldT words. The lower-2 alpha dold/newT effect most probably reflects attentional processes, whereas the theta and delta effects reflect encoding and retrieval processes. Upon repeated word presentations, the magnitude of induced delta power in the 375-to 750-ms time window diminished linearly. Correlation analysis suggests that decreased delta power is moderately associated with faster decision speed and higher accuracy. D

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Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Changes in brain electrical activity during extended continuous word recognition

et al. 2005

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“…Third, no physical features, such as location in space, color, shape, spatial frequency or orientation, differentiated the distractors of the 'attend' task from those of the 'ignore' task. In contrast, such physical differences are present in classical attention protocols that produce early ERP effects (Hillyard et al, 1998;Mangun et al, 1990;Woods et al, 1992;Salmi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Distractor N100smentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast, such physical differences are present in classical attention protocols that produce early ERP effects (Hillyard et al, 1998;Mangun et al, 1990). …”

Section: Early Erps To Distractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the N100s, these mean amplitudes were measured at O1 and O2 within a 100-190 ms time window, centered on the peak of the deflection. For the FSP/OSN, mean amplitudes were measured at prefrontal (Fp1, Fp2) and frontal electrodes (F7, F8, F3, F4, Fz), as well as at posterior electrodes (T5, T6, O1, O2) within the 150-300 ms time window deflection (Hillyard et al, 1998). For the N400s, they were measured within a 350-550 ms time window centered on the peak of the negative deflection observed at Pz on the grand average.…”

Section: Measures and Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge inhibition and N400: A within- and a between-subjects study with distractor words

et al. 2008

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We tested whether the N400 event-related potential (ERP) indexes the integration of semantic knowledge in the context or whether it indexes the inhibition of activated, but inappropriate, knowledge. A distractor-prime-target word sequence was presented in each trial. Subjects had to make semantic relatedness judgments on prime-target pairs. In the first experiment, subjects had an additional task. They either had to ignore or to attend to distractors. In critical conditions, that is, when distractors were related to targets, the times to make the prime-target semantic relatedness judgments were longer when subjects had to attend to distractors than when they had to ignore them. In accordance with the inhibition hypothesis, the amplitudes of the N400 elicited by distractors were larger in the ignore than in the attend task. In the second experiment, the same distractor-prime-target triplets were used. However, there was no additional task. Subjects only had to make the prime-target semantic-relatedness judgment. They were then split in two subgroups: the good ignorers, who did not take much longer to make the judgment in critical than in control conditions, and the poor ignorers, that is, those who did take much longer. Results were again consistent with the inhibition idea. The amplitudes of the N400s evoked by distractors were larger in the good than in the poor ignorers. The results of these two studies are taken together to support the idea that N400 index a semantic inhibition rather than an integration effort. IntroductionThe N400 is a brain potential that is elicited by the presentation of potentially meaningful stimuli in tasks that do not focus on the elementary physical features of these stimuli. Several hypotheses as to the nature of the computations performed by the brain process that are responsible for this potential have been proposed. Recently, some consideration has been given to the possibility that the N400 potential indexes not only activation but also inhibition processes (Barber et al., 2004;

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“…This modulation, termed selection negativity (SN), was found for a variety of visual features, including color, shape, and spatial frequency. The SN is observed over the parieto-occipital scalp, beginning at around 150 msec and lasting 200 msec or more (Hillyard, Teder-Sälejärvi, & Münte, 1998). The cortical sources of the SN are probably located in the corresponding featureselective areas of the extrastriate cortex (Schoenfeld et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 96%

Event-related brain potentials and cognitive processes related to perceptual—motor information transmission

Kopp

Wessel

2010

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

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In the present study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to investigate cognitive processes related to the partial transmission of information from stimulus recognition to response preparation. Participants classified two-dimensional visual stimuli with dimensions size and form. One feature combination was designated as the go-target, whereas the other three feature combinations served as no-go distractors. Size discriminability was manipulated across three experimental conditions. N2c and P3a amplitudes were enhanced in response to those distractors that shared the feature from the faster dimension with the target. Moreover, N2c and P3a amplitudes showed a crossover effect: Size distractors evoked more pronounced ERPs under high size discriminability, but form distractors elicited enhanced ERPs under low size discriminability. These results suggest that partial perceptual-motor transmission of information is accompanied by acts of cognitive control and by shifts of attention between the sources of conflicting information. Selection negativity findings imply adaptive allocation of visual feature-based attention across the two stimulus dimensions.

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Temporal dynamics of early perceptual processing

Cited by 213 publications

References 79 publications

Changes in brain electrical activity during extended continuous word recognition

Changes in brain electrical activity during extended continuous word recognition

Knowledge inhibition and N400: A within- and a between-subjects study with distractor words

Event-related brain potentials and cognitive processes related to perceptual—motor information transmission

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