Temporal and spatial variations of the particle size distribution of PAHs and their dry deposition fluxes in Korea

Bae, Sung‐Heui; Yi, Seung‐Muk; Kim, Yong Pyo

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00666-0

Cited by 110 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Because of their higher volatility, low to medium molecular weight PAHs (3-5 rings) were more abundant in the gasphase similar to the previous studies [10,14,20,21]. 26,8,22, and 16% of S 14 PAHs, respectively. These percentages were similar to those reported previously [5,15,20].…”

Section: Ambient Pah Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Higher PAH concentrations observed during wintertime could be attributed to the increasing emissions from residential heating [9,10,15,20,[25][26][27]. Different ratios for individual compounds indicated that residential heating emissions have a different profile than summertime emissions (Fig.…”

Section: Sources Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, unlike the Chicago samples that had different levels of TSP concentrations (i.e., low for lake and higher for land samples) suburban and urban samples of the present study had similar average TSP concentrations ($70-80 mg m À3 , respectively). Previous experimental studies have shown that a greater fraction of the higher molecular weight PAHs are associated with fine particles relative to the lower molecular weight compounds [26,47,48]. Recent studies indicated that the contribution of wind-entrained soil particles to atmospheric coarse PM is significant at the suburban site [49,50].…”

Section: Gas-particle Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Atmospheric Concentrations and Phase Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Clean Soil Air Water

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Ambient air polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) samples were collected at a suburban (n ¼ 63) and at an urban site (n ¼ 14) in Izmir, Turkey. Average gas-phase total PAH ( P 14 PAH) concentrations were 23.5 ng m À3 for suburban and 109.7 ng m À3 for urban sites while average particle-phase total PAH concentrations were 12.3 and 34.5 ng m À3 for suburban and urban sites, respectively. Higher ambient PAH concentrations were measured in the gas-phase and P 14 PAH concentrations were dominated by lower molecular weight PAHs. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the meteorological parameters were effective on ambient PAH concentrations. Emission sources of particle-phase PAHs were investigated using a diagnostic plot of fluorene (FLN)/ (fluorine þ pyrene; PY) versus indeno[1,2,3-cd]PY/(indeno[1,2,3-cd]PY þ benzo[g,h,i]perylene) and several diagnostic ratios. These approaches have indicated that traffic emissions (petroleum combustion) were the dominant PAH sources at both sites for summer and winter seasons. Experimental gas-particle partition coefficients (K P ) were compared to the predictions of octanol-air (K OA ) and soot-air (K SA ) partition coefficient models. The correlations between experimental and modeled K P values were significant (r 2 ¼ 0.79 and 0.94 for suburban and urban sites, respectively, p < 0.01). Octanol-based absorptive partitioning model predicted lower partition coefficients especially for relatively volatile PAHs. However, overall there was a relatively good agreement between the measured K P and soot-based model predictions.

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Section: Ambient Pah Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Sources Of Pahsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Gas-particle Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Atmospheric Concentrations and Phase Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Izmir, Turkey

Demircioglu

Sofuoğlu

Odabaşı

2011

Clean Soil Air Water

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“…The particulate PAH size distributions have been measured at Seoul by Lee et al (2006a) in the summer of 1999 and Bae et al (2002) in the winter of 2000, respectively, with the same impactor and a coarse particlerotating impactor for the particle size range of less than 0.43-100-μm. In the summer of 1999, three peaks were observed: 0.43-0.65, 2.1-3.3, and 5.8-10-μm size ranges, respectively.…”

Section: Pah Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that transport from outside the Seoul metropolitan area was significant, especially in winter. In Seoul, only two studies have been reported on the size distributions of PAHs in Korea (Lee et al 2006a;Bae et al 2002). They found that most PAHs were in small particles (D p <9 μm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of particle size distributions of PAHs at Seoul, Korea

Lee

Shin

Bae

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The atmospheric size distributions of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) up to 10 μm in diameter were measured at Seoul in the summer and winter of 2003. The concentrations of total PAHs were from 4.32 to 5.48 ng m −3 in summer and from 25.6 to 35.9 ng m −3 in winter, respectively. Majority of the PAHs concentrations were found on fine particles (D p <2.1 μm). The size distributions of individual PAH compounds were bimodal with the peaks in the 0.43-0.65-and 4.7-5.8-μm range in summer. In winter, those were unimodal or weakly bimodal with the peaks in the 0.65-1.1-and 4.7-5.8-μm range. The seasonal variation of the peak size range in the fine mode might be caused by longer residence time in the air in winter. Based on the previously reported source diagnostic ratios of PAHs for the major emission sources, it was suggested that vehicles were the major source of PAH in summer, while coal-related emissions and firewood fire were the major sources in winter for fine particles. The seasonal variation of the peak size ranges in the fine particles had not shown noticeable effect on the dry deposition fluxes. However, it might affect the optical properties of the atmosphere.

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Deposition flux of aerosol particles and 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the North China Plain

Wang

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study examined deposition fluxes of aerosol particles and 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with the particles in the North China Plain. The annual mean deposition fluxes of aerosol particles and 15 PAHs were 0.69 ± 0.46 g/(m(2) ×d) and 8.5 ± 6.2 μg/(m(2) ×d), respectively. Phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[k]fluoranthene were the dominant PAHs bound to deposited aerosol particles throughout the year. The total concentration of 15 PAHs in the deposited aerosol particles was the highest in winter but lowest in spring. The highest PAH concentration in the deposited aerosol particles in winter was because the heating processes highly increased the concentration in atmospheric aerosol particles. Low temperature and weak sunshine in winter reduced the degradation rate of deposited aerosol particle-bound PAHs, especially for those with low molecular weight. The lowest PAH concentration in deposited aerosol particles in spring resulted from the frequently occurring dust storms, which diluted PAH concentrations. The mean deposition flux of PAHs with aerosol particles in winter (16 μg/[m(2) ×d]) reached 3 times to 5 times that in other seasons (3.5-5.0 μg/[m(2) ×d]). The spatial variation of the deposition flux of PAHs with high molecular weight (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene) was consistent with their concentrations in the atmospheric aerosol particles, whereas such a phenomenon was not observed for those with low molecular weight (e.g., phenanthrene) because of their distinct hydrophobicity, Henry's law constant, and the spatially heterogeneous meteorological conditions.

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Temporal and spatial variations of the particle size distribution of PAHs and their dry deposition fluxes in Korea

Cited by 110 publications

References 12 publications

Atmospheric Concentrations and Phase Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Izmir, Turkey

Atmospheric Concentrations and Phase Partitioning of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Izmir, Turkey

Seasonal variation of particle size distributions of PAHs at Seoul, Korea

Deposition flux of aerosol particles and 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the North China Plain

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