Telomeres and Telomerase in Heart Ontogenesis, Aging and Regeneration

Налобин, Д. С.; Alipkina, S. I.; Gaidamaka, Anna; Глухов, А.И.; Khuchua, Zaza

doi:10.3390/cells9020503

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Telomeres are responsible for chromosomal protection during DNA damage via telomere length shortening, subsequently leading to cellular senescence. A high level of TERT enzyme helps cells to evade senescence due to the ability of the TERT to add a sequence to the cut telomeric end [ 90 ]. Hsp90α is known to bind and stabilise TERT coenzyme in cancer cells, thus promoting telomerase activity and suppressing senescence [ 91 ].…”

Section: Heart Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Shock Protein 90 as Therapeutic Target for CVDs and Heart Ageing

Dabravolski

Sukhorukov

Kalmykov

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, representing approximately 32% of all deaths worldwide. Molecular chaperones are involved in heart protection against stresses and age-mediated accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins by regulation of the protein synthesis/degradation balance and refolding of misfolded proteins, thus supporting the high metabolic demand of the heart cells. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is one of the main cardioprotective chaperones, represented by cytosolic HSP90a and HSP90b, mitochondrial TRAP1 and ER-localised Grp94 isoforms. Currently, the main way to study the functional role of HSPs is the application of HSP inhibitors, which could have a different way of action. In this review, we discussed the recently investigated role of HSP90 proteins in cardioprotection, atherosclerosis, CVDs development and the involvements of HSP90 clients in the activation of different molecular pathways and signalling mechanisms, related to heart ageing.

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Section: Heart Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat Shock Protein 90 as Therapeutic Target for CVDs and Heart Ageing

Dabravolski

Sukhorukov

Kalmykov

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Telomere length and telomerase activity play a role in cellular aging. In their review article Nalobin et al [10] discussed the emerging role of telomere length and telomerase in cardiac development, aging, and regeneration. With the surge in interest in this topic and the contribution of mitochondria, the review is timely and highly appropriate.…”

Section: Mitochondria In Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria in Health and Diseases

Javadov

Kozlov

Camara

2020

Cells

127

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Mitochondria are subcellular organelles evolved by endosymbiosis of bacteria with eukaryotic cells characteristics. They are the main source of ATP in the cell and play a pivotal role in cell life and cell death. Mitochondria are engaged in the pathogenesis of human diseases and aging directly or indirectly through a broad range of signaling pathways. However, despite an increased interest in mitochondria over the past decades, the mechanisms of mitochondria-mediated cell/organ dysfunction in response to pathological stimuli remain unknown. The Special Issue, “Mitochondria in Health and Diseases,” organized by Cells includes 24 review and original articles that highlight the latest achievements in elucidating the role of mitochondria under physiological (healthy) conditions and, in various cell/animal models of human diseases and, in patients. Altogether, the Special Issue summarizes and discusses different aspects of mitochondrial metabolism and function that open new avenues in understanding mitochondrial biology.

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“…Telomere shortening is explained by the fact that adult cells do no express DNA telomerase to replicate telomeres [49]; 30 to 200 sequences present at the end will be lost at every replication [123]. Additionally, telomeres are covered by a complex of six proteins called shelterin: TRF-1 determines the structure of telomeric end, TRF-2 implicated in telomerase protection and telomerase length homeostasis, TIN-2, RAP-1 POT-1, and TPP-1 [124].…”

Section: Telomeres Involvementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes and Micro-RNAs in Aging Process

2021

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Exosomes are the main actors of intercellular communications and have gained great interest in the new cell-free regenerative medicine. These nanoparticles are secreted by almost all cell types and contain lipids, cytokines, growth factors, messenger RNA, and different non-coding RNA, especially micro-RNAs (mi-RNAs). Exosomes’ cargo is released in the neighboring microenvironment but is also expected to act on distant tissues or organs. Different biological processes such as cell development, growth and repair, senescence, migration, immunomodulation, and aging, among others, are mediated by exosomes and principally exosome-derived mi-RNAs. Moreover, their therapeutic potential has been proved and reinforced by their use as biomarkers for disease diagnostics and progression. Evidence has increasingly shown that exosome-derived mi-RNAs are key regulators of age-related diseases, and their involvement in longevity is becoming a promising issue. For instance, mi-RNAs such as mi-RNA-21, mi-RNA-29, and mi-RNA-34 modulate tissue functionality and regeneration by targeting different tissues and involving different pathways but might also interfere with long life expectancy. Human mi-RNAs profiling is effectively related to the biological fluids that are reported differently between young and old individuals. However, their underlying mechanisms modulating cell senescence and aging are still not fully understood, and little was reported on the involvement of mi-RNAs in cell or tissue longevity. In this review, we summarize exosome biogenesis and mi-RNA synthesis and loading mechanism into exosomes’ cargo. Additionally, we highlight the molecular mechanisms of exosomes and exosome-derived mi-RNA regulation in the different aging processes.

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Telomeres and Telomerase in Heart Ontogenesis, Aging and Regeneration

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Heat Shock Protein 90 as Therapeutic Target for CVDs and Heart Ageing

Heat Shock Protein 90 as Therapeutic Target for CVDs and Heart Ageing

Mitochondria in Health and Diseases

Exosomes and Micro-RNAs in Aging Process

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