Telomeres and Telomerase Activity in the Human Placenta

Jirkovská, Marie; Korabečná, Marie; Laššáková, Soňa

doi:10.5772/intechopen.86327

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(195 reference statements)

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“…However, some meta-analyzed studies reported non-fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and lipid results during delivery. Experimental studies suggest that adequate metabolic management of glucose metabolism might reduce the risk of telomere shortening [60]. Only two studies reported glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides that do not provide sufficient information compared to the available literature on their metabolism.…”

Section: Maternal Telomere Length and Gdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere Length in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normoglycemic Pregnant Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Pérez‐López¹,

López‐Baena²,

Ulloque-Badaracco³

et al. 2023

Reprod. Sci.

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We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing telomere length in blood leukocytes or mononuclear cells in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normoglycemic pregnant women (NPW) and their infants. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022300950). Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, LILACS, CNKI, and Wang Fang, from inception through November 2022. The primary outcomes were maternal and offspring telomere length. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of included studies. Random-effect meta-analyses were applied to estimate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and their 95% confidence interval (CI). The meta-analysis of four studies showed no significant maternal telomere length difference (SMD = −0.80, 95% CI: −1.66, 0.05) in women with GDM compared to NPW. In the sensibility analysis omitting one study with a small sample of women, the telomere length becomes significantly reduced in women with GDM (SMD = −1.10, 95% CI: −2.18, −0.02). GDM patients had increased glucose (SMD = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.46) and glycosylated hemoglobin than NPW (SMD = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.23, 1.01) while total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides did not display differences between women with and without GDM. There was no significant difference in cord blood telomere length in offspring from women with GDM and NPW (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI: −0.52, 0.30). Cord blood insulin levels (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.85) and birthweight (SMD = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.79) were higher in offspring from pregnant women with GDM than in those from NPW. There were no significant differences in maternal and offspring telomere length between pregnancies with and without GDM.

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Section: Maternal Telomere Length and Gdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere Length in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normoglycemic Pregnant Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Pérez‐López¹,

López‐Baena²,

Ulloque-Badaracco³

et al. 2023

Reprod. Sci.

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“…Telomere shortening induces cell senescence, apoptosis, or genome instability. Some papers showing that the telomere length in placenta decreases during pregnancy were published, but there are no unequivocal results of the assessment of telomere length in pathologic placentas [35]. As those studies were based mainly on the measurement of mean telomere length, the use of contemporary methods quantifying very short telomeres may better clarify processes related to placental senescence at the end of normal and pathologically complicated pregnancies [36,37].…”

Section: Proliferative Potential In Term Placentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characteristic of Growth, Maturation, and Spatial Arrangement of Capillary Bed in Normal and Pathologic Placenta

Jirkovská¹

2023

Microcirculation - Updates in the Next Frontier of Vascular Disease

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Placental capillary bed plays a key role in the bidirectional transport between mother and fetus. Its continuous growth and maturation accompany fetal growth and meet all fetal requirements to secure fetal well-being. Considerable growth of both capillary bed and area of villous syncytiotrophoblast comes on in third trimester of pregnancy, continues until the end of pregnancy, and is expressed by rapid development of terminal villi. The presented structural and quantitative data show enhanced villous capillary branching, higher proportion of capillaries displaying delayed maturation, and lower proliferative potential of cells forming capillary wall and cytotrophoblast in diabetic placenta at term. Too few studies have focused on the impact of other pathologies, i.e., preeclampsia and IUGR on development of placental capillary bed. The further research may contribute to better understanding of those disorders connected with pregnancy.

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“…Placental aging is a normal phenomenon, which was first described in the 70s, but only during the latest decade has the association between placental aging and various changes during pregnancy been studied. Nevertheless, in some cases the placental cells' aging occurs prematurely, disrupting their normal function [15,16]. Various factors may affect the pace of aging of the placenta, proper fetal development, and birth outcomes, including maternal dietary intake and nutritional status [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, TL and telomerase (i.e., the enzyme responsible for maintenance of the length of telomeres by the addition of guanine-rich repetitive sequences), have been investigated as possible biomarkers of premature placental aging [15,16]. Physiologically, cell division is accompanied by TL shortening that leads towards the aging trajectory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Birth and Its Association with Maternal Diet, and Placental and Neonatal Telomere Length

Lis,

Lamnisos,

Bograkou-Tzanetakou

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Preterm birth (PTB), a multi-causal syndrome, is one of the global epidemics. Maternal nutrition, but also neonatal and placental telomere length (TL), are among the factors affecting PTB risk. However, the exact relationship between these factors and the PTB outcome, remains obscure. The aim of this review was to investigate the association between PTB, maternal nutrition, and placental-infant TL. Observational studies were sought with the keywords: maternal nutrition, placental TL, newborn, TL, and PTB. No studies were found that included all of the keywords simultaneously, and thus, the keywords were searched in dyads, to reach assumptive conclusions. The findings show that maternal nutrition affects PTB risk, through its influence on maternal TL. On the other hand, maternal TL independently affects PTB risk, and at the same time PTB is a major determinant of offspring TL regulation. The strength of the associations, and the extent of the influence from covariates, remains to be elucidated in future research. Furthermore, the question of whether maternal TL is simply a biomarker of maternal nutritional status and PTB risk, or a causative factor of PTB, to date, remains to be answered.

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Telomeres and Telomerase Activity in the Human Placenta

Cited by 5 publications

References 94 publications

Telomere Length in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normoglycemic Pregnant Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Telomere Length in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normoglycemic Pregnant Women: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Structural Characteristic of Growth, Maturation, and Spatial Arrangement of Capillary Bed in Normal and Pathologic Placenta

Preterm Birth and Its Association with Maternal Diet, and Placental and Neonatal Telomere Length

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