Tegumentary leishmaniasis and sand flies in a border area between Argentina and Bolivia

Copa, Griselda Noemí; Almazán, María Cristina; Aramayo, Lorena Vanesa; Krolewiecki, Alejandro; Cajal, Silvana P.; Juárez, Marisa; Lauthier, Juan José; Korenaga, Masaaki; Barroso, Paola Andrea; Nasser, Julio R.; Marco, Jorge Diego; Gil, José Fernando

doi:10.1093/trstmh/try113

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In the current study, we tested in greater depth its potential, extending the analysis to the species that were circulating in areas with ATL transmission. The species composition of sand flies reported in this work was concordant with past entomological captures performed in Orán department (Chanampa et al, 2018;Copa et al, 2018;Salomón et al, 2008Salomón et al, , 2004, in which Ny. neivai was also found as the most abundant species (Krolewiecki et al, 2013;Quintana et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Regarding Argentinian phlebotomine fauna, entomological studies showed the presence of 32 sand fly species distributed in 14 provinces (Szelag et al, 2016). The following species have been found in Salta province: Nyssomyia neivai, Migonemyia migonei, Psathyromyia bigeniculata, Psathyromyia punctigeniculata, Evandromyia cortelezzii, Evandromyia sallesi, Micropygomyia quinquefer, and Lutzomyia longipalpis (Barroso et al, 2007;Bravo et al, 2013;Chanampa et al, 2018;Copa et al, 2018;Quintana et al, 2010;Salomón et al, 2004). Most of these species are also present in the other provinces where Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia pessoai, Pintomyia fischeri, and Brumptomyia spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sand fly typing: a simple and morphologically-supported method based on polymorphism of 18S rRNA gene in a Leishmaniasis endemic area of Argentina

et al. 2020

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Leishmaniases are vector-borne diseases that in the Americas are distributed from southern United States to northern Argentina. The vectors for this disease are small dipterans known as sand flies that are usually identified morphologically by observing structures with taxonomic value; but it is time-consuming, laborious, and requires entomological expertise. Then, this work was aimed at identifying sand flies with molecular techniques, using the morphological identification as a reference technique, in an endemic area of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) located in northern Argentina. For this, sand flies were caught at two patches of vegetation adjacent to rural areas in Orán department, Salta Province. Females were dissected with sterile needles; the head and last abdominal segments were analyzed for morphological identification. The remaining thorax and abdominal segments were used to extract DNA, which was amplified by PCR of the small subunit (SSU), 18S rRNA gene. PCR products were digested with CviQI and DdeI enzymes to identify sand fly species by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Thus, the restriction pattern of each caught species was defined according to morphological identification. A total of 1501 females, belonging to four sand fly species, were captured. Nyssomyia neivai (1347/1501) was the most abundant species, followed by Migonemyia migonei (90/ 1501). From the total, 801 females were morphologically and molecularly identified, while 700 females were characterized only molecularly. For those females analyzed by both methods, there was total coincidence in the achieved result. Besides, the 5% (38/801) of females that could not be determined morphologically due to inadequate mounting were molecularly identified. All the females characterized just by PCR-RFLP, were successfully identified. Our results indicate that the explored method is capable of identifying the sand fly species that circulate in an ATL endemic area. Since this method is based on the analysis of markedly different patterns, the identification process might be more easily reproduced, as the bias introduced by the technician's lack of experience is removed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand fly typing: a simple and morphologically-supported method based on polymorphism of 18S rRNA gene in a Leishmaniasis endemic area of Argentina

et al. 2020

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“…En Argentina, así como en este estudio, se observó que el riesgo se asocia también con el trabajo rural o con la vegetación primaria 32 , el manejo de ganado, la caza, el dormir en espacios abiertos o permanecer en el exterior de la vivienda por más de diez horas, el bañarse en el río, así como la presencia de animales domésticos en el interior del domicilio, las vivienda sin cerramiento 32 - 34 , y la transmisión peridomiciliaria en viviendas hasta los 100 a 200 m de la vegetación primaria o secundaria, incluso en áreas urbanas 35 , 36 por el efecto de borde 37 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En Bolivia, la especie más frecuentemente aislada es L. ( Viannia ) braziliensis. A la primera cepa aislada en Tarija, en un perro en el 2002, se añadieron tres otras cepas aisladas con los genotipos AB1 y AB2 35 . En el norte argentino se han confirmado casos poco frecuentes atribuidos a L. ( V. ) guyanensis, L. ( V. ) panamensis 29 y L. ( L. ) amazonensis 43 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Leishmaniasis en Bolivia, revisión y estado actual en Tarija, frontera con Argentina

Mollinedo¹,

Mollinedo

Magne

et al. 2020

biomedica

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Introducción. En 1997, en el departamento de Tarija, Bolivia, situado en la frontera con Argentina, se notificó por primera vez la presencia de pacientes con úlceras en las partes descubiertas de la piel, cuyas características clínicas y epidemiológicas correspondían a leishmaniasis.Objetivo. Describir y comprobar la presencia de leishmaniasis en Tarija, sexto departamento endémico en Bolivia.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio del brote (noviembre de 1998 a diciembre de 2002) y un estudio longitudinal (1997 a 2018) en humanos; además, se capturaron Phlebotominae y potenciales reservorios.Resultados. Se registraron 1.250 pacientes de leishmaniasis; 190 y 249 casos, en los brotes de 1998 y 2002, respectivamente, con periodos interepidémicos de 37 casos como promedio anual. El 68 % de los enfermos eran pobladores migrantes del altiplano asentados en viviendas precarias cercanas al bosque residual; el sexo predominante fue el masculino (2/1). El grupo etario económicamente activo (15 a 49 años) fue el más afectado (363/584, 62 %). Hubo 124/584 (21 %) menores de 15 años, 33/584 de menos de cuatro años. En 51/584 (8,7 %) pacientes se presentaron lesiones mucosas. Se aisló y caracterizó Leishmania (V.) braziliensis de úlceras mucosas de perros enfermos y se capturó abundantemente la especie antropofílica Nyssomyia neivai, incriminada como probable vector.Conclusiones. En 1997 se comprobó por primera vez la presencia de leishmaniasis tegumentaria en el municipio de Bermejo y, en el 2018, ya se había extendido a cuatro municipios: Padcaya, Caraparí, Entre Ríos y Yacuiba, en dirección noreste del departamento de Tarija.

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“…longipalpis in the northwestern Argentina-Bolivia border, in urban peridomestic environments in Salvador Mazza. The area had no records of this species in previous intensive sampling procedures, 4 , 5 , 10 until reports in 2013 in Tartagal, 55 km south from the Salvador Mazza-Bolivia border 6 . Second, the abundance of Lu.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) Argentina-Bolivia border: new report and genetic diversity

Quintana

Pech-May

Fuenzalida

et al. 2019

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) has two main scenarios of transmission as follows: scattered cases in rural areas and urban outbreaks. Urban AVL is in active dispersion from the northeastern border of Argentina-Paraguay-Brazil to the South. The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was initially reported in urban environments in the northwestern border of the country. The presence of Lu. longipalpis, environmental variables associated with its distribution, and its genetic diversity were assessed in Salvador Mazza, Argentina, on the border with Bolivia. The genetic analysis showed high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity, and low nucleotide polymorphism index. We discuss the hypothesis of an expanding urban population with introgressive hybridisation of older haplogroups found in their path in natural forest or rural environments, acquiring a new adaptability to urban environments, and the possibility of changes in vector capacity.

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Tegumentary leishmaniasis and sand flies in a border area between Argentina and Bolivia

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Sand fly typing: a simple and morphologically-supported method based on polymorphism of 18S rRNA gene in a Leishmaniasis endemic area of Argentina

Sand fly typing: a simple and morphologically-supported method based on polymorphism of 18S rRNA gene in a Leishmaniasis endemic area of Argentina

Leishmaniasis en Bolivia, revisión y estado actual en Tarija, frontera con Argentina

Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) Argentina-Bolivia border: new report and genetic diversity

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