Técnicas de preparo de amostras biológicas com interesse forense

Bordin, Dayanne Cristiane Mozaner; Monedeiro, Fernanda; Campos, Eduardo Geraldo de; Alves, Marcela Nogueira Rabelo; Bueno, Laís Helena Picolo; Martinis, Bruno Spinosa De

doi:10.4322/sc.2015.022

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In animal toxicological studies, blood is the most commonly used sample [82]. A blood test may yield information about the blood itself, the bone marrow or other organs and tissues that are perfused by the blood [83–85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A blood test may yield information about the blood itself, the bone marrow or other organs and tissues that are perfused by the blood [83–85]. In principle, a typical toxicological blood test includes a basic metabolic panel (biochemical analyses) and a complete blood count [82,86,87]. The data for these analyses are shown in Table 4 and Table 5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the potential adverse effects caused by the dermal application of Dillenia indica L. fruit extract standardized to betulinic acid in rodents

et al. 2019

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This study aimed to evaluate the potential adverse effects of the dermal administration of Dillenia indica Linnaeus ( D . indica ) fruit extract in healthy rodents; the extract was standardized to betulinic acid. In the initial phase, the acute effects were evaluated on the skin application site of a single extract dose. A skin irritation test was performed in male Wistar rats (n = 8/group) receiving the extract (50–150 mg/mL) with betulinic acid (0.5–1.5%, respectively). A photosensitivity test was performed in male BALB/c mice (n = 6/group) receiving the extract (150 mg/mL). Afterwards, other BALB/c mice (n = 20, male:female, 1:1) were used to assess the systemic alterations caused by 14 daily repeated doses (150 mg/mL) by monitoring the effects on mortality, body morphology, behavior, nutrition status, neuromotor reactions, organ morphology and weight, and blood tests. At this time, 0.5 mg/mL clobetasol was used as the positive control. The skin irritation index suggested that negligible skin irritation had occurred, even when the extract was applied to the rat skin at 150 mg/mL. However, the extract acted as a photosensitizer on mouse skin, showing a photosensitizing activity close to that of 10 mg/mL 5-methoxypsoralen. Repeated doses caused no mouse mortality, aggressiveness, piloerection, diarrhea, convulsions, neuromotor alterations or nutrition status changes. The mouse organ weights did not change, and the mice did not have alterations in their blood compositions. Clobetasol caused a reduction in the mononuclear leukocyte numbers. In general, the data suggest that the extract was safe in healthy rodents but indicate that caution should be taken with the photosensitizing activity; in addition, this activity should be further explored as it may be useful for phototherapeutic drug development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the potential adverse effects caused by the dermal application of Dillenia indica L. fruit extract standardized to betulinic acid in rodents

et al. 2019

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“…Cotinine in the serum was obtained by heart puncture and processed according to previously described methods 16 - 19 , using a method with a specificity of 97.4% and a sensitivity of 96.3%. A cotinine serum concentration ranging from 2.1 to 17.5 ng/mL was accepted as the cut-off level to characterize the animal exposure as secondhand smoke, similar to levels found in human passive smokers 20 , 21 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Second hand tobacco smoke adversely affects the bone of immature rats

Rosa¹,

Pereira²,

Cardoso³

et al. 2017

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OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the influence of secondhand cigarette smoke exposure on longitudinal growth of the tibia of growing rats and some parameters of bone quality.METHODS:Forty female rats were randomly divided into four groups: control: rats were sham exposed; 30 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 30 days; 45 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 45 days; and 60 days: rats were exposed to tobacco smoke for 60 days. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the levels of cotinine and alkaline phosphatase. Both tibias were dissected and weighed; the lengths were measured, and the bones were then stored in a freezer for analysis of bone mineral content and mechanical resistance (maximal load and stiffness).RESULTS:Exposure of rats to tobacco smoke significantly compromised bone health, suggesting that the harmful effects may be time dependent. Harmful effects on bone growth were detected and were more pronounced at 60-day follow-ups with a 41.8% reduction in alkaline phosphatase levels (p<0.01) and a decrease of 11.25% in tibia length (p<0.001). Furthermore, a 41.5% decrease in bone mineral density was observed (p<0.001), leading to a 42.8% reduction in maximum strength (p<0.001) and a 56.7% reduction in stiffness (p<0.001).CONCLUSION:Second hand cigarette smoke exposure in rats affected bones that were weaker, deforming them and making them osteopenic. Additionally, the long bone was shorter, suggesting interference with growth. Such events seem to be related to time of exposure.

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“…O mecanismo de passagem das drogas do sangue para a saliva é por ultrafiltração ou difusão passiva, podendo ser detectada a forma não metabolizada nesta matriz. Essa incorporação é restringida para as moléculas que apresentam alto peso molecular, drogas ionizadas ou ligadas a proteínas plasmáticas (BORDIN, et al, 2015).…”

Section: Efeitos Nocivos Do Tabaco Na Gravidezunclassified

Saliva: uma matriz alternativa para determinação de biomarcadores do cigarro em gestantes

Gomes¹

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Técnicas de preparo de amostras biológicas com interesse forense

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Study of the potential adverse effects caused by the dermal application of Dillenia indica L. fruit extract standardized to betulinic acid in rodents

Study of the potential adverse effects caused by the dermal application of Dillenia indica L. fruit extract standardized to betulinic acid in rodents

Second hand tobacco smoke adversely affects the bone of immature rats

Saliva: uma matriz alternativa para determinação de biomarcadores do cigarro em gestantes

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