Technologies and Extraction Methods of Polyphenolic Compounds Derived from Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peels. A Mini Review

Abstract

The interest in using plant by-product extracts as functional ingredients is continuously rising due to environmental and financial prospects. The development of new technologies has led to the achievement of aqueous extracts with high bioactivity that is preferable due to organic solvents nonuse. Recently, widely applied and emerging technologies, such as Simple Stirring, Pressure-Applied Extraction, Enzymatic Extraction, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Pulsed Electric Fields, High Hydrostatic Pressure, Ohmic Heating, Microwave Assistant Extraction and the use of “green” solvents such as the deep eutectic solvents, have been investigated in order to contribute to the minimization of disadvantages on the extraction of bioactive compounds. This review is focused on bioactive compounds derived from pomegranate (Punica granatum) peels and highlighted the most attractive extraction methods. It is believed that these findings could be a useful tool for the pomegranate juices industry to apply an effective and economically viable extraction process, transforming a by-product to a high added value functional product.

Analytical Methods for Lipid Oxidation and Antioxidant Capacity in Food Systems

“…It reduces the drawbacks of spectrophotometric methods, such as expensive chemicals, undefined reaction time, low precision, low sensitivity, and long sample preparation time. The oxidative stress of food and living organisms is measured using electrochemical methods [104,105], including cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and chronoamperometry [105]. The cyclic voltammetry method provides a wide range of information, such as the thermodynamics of the redox process and kinetics of heterogeneous electron transfer reactions [104].…”

“…The oxidative stress of food and living organisms is measured using electrochemical methods [104,105], including cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and chronoamperometry [105]. The cyclic voltammetry method provides a wide range of information, such as the thermodynamics of the redox process and kinetics of heterogeneous electron transfer reactions [104]. The differential pulse voltammetry also uses the same principle as the cyclic voltammetry method.…”

Corn Silage Supplemented with Pomegranate (Punica granatum) and Avocado (Persea americana) Pulp and Seed Wastes for Improvement of Meat Characteristics in Poultry Production

“…In addition, the synergy of biologically produced substances can further increase their activity, especially in microbiostatic or microbicidal action according to the well-known theory of multiple barriers [ 90 ]. Therefore, the result of the optimized isolation with innovative “green” extraction method such as vacuum microwave assistance has been completed in previous studies [ 91 , 92 , 93 ] this research is focused in the use of these residues as animal feed. The proposed total utilization of the three solid residues by the food industry (Total Discharge approach) is a pioneer and can provide high value-added materials with low raw material costs.…”

Enhancement of Biological and Pharmacological Properties of an Encapsulated Polyphenol: Curcumin

“…Polyphenols are one of the largest groups of natural compounds which exhibit a broad range of biological activities including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-viral, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-mutagenic and cardio-protective effects directly related to the diverse structural configuration of these materials [ 4 ]. Numerous research reports in which polyphenols are reported have focused mainly on determination of the molecular profile of the compound derived from various plant extracts [ 5 , 6 ], determination of the biological activity [ 7 , 8 , 9 ] and the subsequent development and optimization of unique extraction methods for different plant metabolites [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. However, current research is focused on enhancing the bioavailability and pharmacological properties of phenolic compounds in the human body for the purposes of targeted and improved therapy [ 2 , 13 , 14 ].…”