Techno-Economical Model Based Optimal Sizing of PV-Battery Systems for Microgrids

Abstract

Microgrid with integrated photo-voltaics (PV) and battery storage system (BSS) is a promising technology for future residential applications. Optimally sizing the PV system and BSS can maximise self-sufficiency, grid relief, and at the same time can be cost-effective by exploiting tariff incentives. To that end, this paper presents a comprehensive optimisation model for the sizing of PV, battery, and grid converter for a microgrid system considering multiple objectives like energy autonomy, power autonomy, payback period, and capital costs. The proposed approach involves developing a holistic technoeconomic microgrid model based on variables like PV system power, azimuth angle, battery size, converter ratings, capital investment and electricity tariffs. The proposed method is applied to determine the optimum capacity of a PV system and BSS for two case residential load profiles in the Netherlands and Texas, US to investigate the effect of meteorological conditions on the relative size of PV and battery. Based on the optimisation results, thumb rules for optimal system sizing are derived to facilitate microgrid design engineers during the initial design phase.

Review on the state‐of‐the‐art multi‐objective optimisation of hybrid standalone/grid‐connected energy systems

“…The results of the MOABC have shown a better diversity in Pareto‐optimal front compared to NSGA‐II and MOPSO. The MOPSO approach is used in [141] to optimise the size of PV and BSS in residential buildings based on different objective functions.…”

Optimal Energy Management and Techno-economic Analysis in Microgrid with Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources

“…In [24], the particle swarm optimization algorithm was adopted to determine the optimal capacity of PV/WT/DG/BESS/fuel cell in standalone minigrid in Australia. In [25], the optimal capacity of PV and BESS was determined using the particle swarm optimization for microgrid catering residential loads in Netherland and Texas. In [26], the energy dispatching and economic analysis in distribution system integrated with PV/WT/BESS were studied using the genetic algorithm.…”

“…The LPSP is a design indicator which measures the probability of unmet energy demand, as given in (24). The formula of the availability of power supply (APS) is given in (25).…”

Optimal sizing and multi‐energy management strategy for PV‐biofuel‐based off‐grid systems

“…A multi-node MILP optimal model (electrical and thermal) is developed in the distributed energy resources customer adoption model (DER-CAM) by Mashayekh et al [14] for microgrids. Bandyopadhyay et al [15] proposed a comprehensive optimisation model for the sizing of PV, battery, and grid converter for residential load profiles in the Netherlands and Texas. MILP-based optimal design for Zurich, Switzerland is developed [16] with the objectives of cost and carbon emission minimisation.…”

“…carbon-neutral framework is required catering to electrical and thermal load a novel carbon-neutral framework has been developed for multiple (electrical and thermal) energy flows in an off-grid microgrid 2 microgrid sizing techno-economic analysis (TEA) and sizing carried out for microgrid [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and with CCHP [19][20][21][22][23] optimal sizing incorporating CCHP with multi-resource hybrid (PV, biofuel generator, BES with CCHP) microgrid with minimal cost and waste heat utilisation a piecewise-linearised mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model has been developed for optimal sizing of the multiresource hybrid microgrid to ensure uninterrupted power supply under normal operating conditions 3 microgrid optimal dispatch optimal dispatch of PV-wind [24], PV-BESS [25], and tidal-PV-fuel cell [26] are presented for electrical energy flows. Optimal planning and management with different methodologies MEMS for CCHP optimal dispatch keeping minimisation of operation cost and battery degradation an optimal multi-energy management system (MEMS) for coordinated dispatch of electrical and thermal energy flows has been developed with the objective of minimisation of operational cost and battery degradation while satisfying the system's operational and load-preference constraints 4 economics of microgrid TEA analysis has been carried out for hybrid systems [10,51,52] cost effectiveness of optimised result for accessing the viability a detailed economic analysis of the proposed system has been performed by evaluating the levellised cost of energy (LCOE) [45] and stochastic optimal scheduling with biogas-solar-wind is proposed in [46].…”