Tb/s physical random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in three-cascaded semiconductor lasers

Sakuraba, Ryohsuke; Iwakawa, Kento; Kanno, Kazutaka; Uchida, Atsushi

doi:10.1364/oe.23.001470

Cited by 148 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Fast chaotic laser outputs have been used for applications in fast physical random number generation [16][17][18], secure key distribution [19,20], and reservoir computing [21,22]. Figure 1 shows the decision-making scheme based on the TOW method using chaotic temporal waveforms of the semiconductor laser.…”

Section: Tug-of-war Methods Using a Chaotic Semiconductor Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Effect on Adaptive Decision Making with a Chaotic Semiconductor Laser

et al. 2018

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We investigate the effect of a memory parameter on the performance of adaptive decision making using a tug-of-war method with the chaotic oscillatory dynamics of a semiconductor laser. We experimentally generate chaotic temporal waveforms of the semiconductor laser with optical feedback and apply them for adaptive decision making in solving a multiarmed bandit problem that aims at maximizing the total reward from slot machines whose hit probabilities are dynamically switched. We examine the dependence of making correct decisions on different values of the memory parameter. The degree of adaptivity is found to be enhanced with a smaller memory parameter, whereas the degree of convergence to the correct decision is higher for a larger memory parameter. The relations among the adaptivity, environmental changes, and the difficulties of the problem are also discussed considering the requirement of past decisions. This examination of ultrafast adaptive decision making highlights the importance of memorizing past events and paves the way for future photonic intelligence.

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Section: Tug-of-war Methods Using a Chaotic Semiconductor Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory Effect on Adaptive Decision Making with a Chaotic Semiconductor Laser

et al. 2018

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“…It is reported that high-order differential method increases the generation rate to 300 Gb/s 10 whereas the bit-order reversal method along with 8 LSBs sampled at 50 GHz brings up 400 Gb/s rate 11 . Recently, a generation rate of 2.2 Terabit per second (Tb/s) is reached via high-order finite differences pseudo RNG 12 in 2014 while a 1.4 Tb/s physical RNG was reported in 2015 using 2 chaotic data lines sampled at 100 GS/s by 8 bits ADC 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new technique for ultrafast physical random number generation using optical chaos

Elsonbaty

Hegazy²,

Obayya

2016

SPIE Proceedings

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In this paper, we numerically demonstrate a new extraction scheme for generating ultra-fast physically random sequence of bits. For this purpose, we utilize a dual-channel optical chaos source with suppressed time delayed (TD) signature in both the intensity and the phase of its two channels. The proposed technique uses M 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) to compare the level of the chaotic intensity signal at time t with its levels after incommensurable delay-interval T m , where { }. The binary output of each 1-bit ADC is then sampled by a positive-edge-triggered D flipflop. The clock sequence applied to the flip-flops is relatively delayed such that the rising edge of the clock triggering the m flip-flop precedes the rising edge of the clock of a subsequent m+1 flip-flop by a fixed period. The outputs of all flipflops are then combined by means of a parity-check logic. Numerical simulations are carried out using values of parameters at which TD signature is suppressed for chosen values of setup parameters. The 15 statistical tests in Special Publication 800-22 from NIST are applied to the generated random bits in order to examine the randomness quality of these bits for different values of M. The results show that all tests are passed from M = 1 to M = 39 at sampling rate up to 34.5 GHz which indicates that the maximum generation rate of random bits is 2.691 Tb/sec using a chaotic source of single VCSEL and without employing any pre-processing techniques.

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“…have achieved a 75-Gbit/s RNG rate by utilizing a bandwidth-enhanced chaotic laser, where a cascading optical feedback and injection structure was used to realize a 16-GHz chaotic bandwidth. In 2015, Sakuraba et al 21. have further increased the RNG rate to 1.2 Tbit/s by using a 35.2-GHz bandwidth-enhanced three-cascaded laser structure.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…By optimizing the post data processing method and enhancing the chaotic bandwidth, the chaos-based RNG rate has already exceeded Tbit/s16171921. However, in order to enhance the RNG rate, merging of two random-bit streams processed by bit-revise and LSBs methods were used in post data processing1921 or only “quasi-physical” random bits could be generated since high-order derivative method was needed to acquire additional valid bits exceeded the raw ADC1617.…”

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640-Gbit/s fast physical random number generation using a broadband chaotic semiconductor laser

Zhang

Pan

Chen

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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An ultra-fast physical random number generator is demonstrated utilizing a photonic integrated device based broadband chaotic source with a simple post data processing method. The compact chaotic source is implemented by using a monolithic integrated dual-mode amplified feedback laser (AFL) with self-injection, where a robust chaotic signal with RF frequency coverage of above 50 GHz and flatness of ±3.6 dB is generated. By using 4-least significant bits (LSBs) retaining from the 8-bit digitization of the chaotic waveform, random sequences with a bit-rate up to 640 Gbit/s (160 GS/s × 4 bits) are realized. The generated random bits have passed each of the fifteen NIST statistics tests (NIST SP800-22), indicating its randomness for practical applications.

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Tb/s physical random bit generation with bandwidth-enhanced chaos in three-cascaded semiconductor lasers

Cited by 148 publications

References 34 publications

Memory Effect on Adaptive Decision Making with a Chaotic Semiconductor Laser

Memory Effect on Adaptive Decision Making with a Chaotic Semiconductor Laser

A new technique for ultrafast physical random number generation using optical chaos

640-Gbit/s fast physical random number generation using a broadband chaotic semiconductor laser

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