Taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi

Samson, Robert A.; Evans, H. C.; Latgé, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05890-9_2

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…When the germination and penetration have been successful, the speed and intensity of the vegetative growth of entomopathogenic fungi determines the virulence. After the host's death, the mycelium grows saprobically, which determines the final potential of the fungi by initiating secondary infections within the host populations by releasing conidia from the mycelia of infected cadavers (Samson et al 1988;Alves 1998;Wraight et al 2007). Convenient pesticides and concentrations should be evaluated for the safe use of combinations without negatively affecting the fungi viability and virulence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of pesticides on the germination, vegetative growth, and conidial production of two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae

Schumacher

Poehling

2012

Fungal Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of pesticides on the germination, vegetative growth, and conidial production of two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae

Schumacher

Poehling

2012

Fungal Biology

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“…Well developed fungi were identified without cultivation using different keys ( Barnett and Hunter, 1972;Gams, 1971;Samson, 1974;Von Arx, 1981;Samson et al, 1988). Fungi were cleared in cotton blue-lactophenol before identification in phase contrast at 400 X magnification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic fungi associated with Ixodes ricinus ticks

Kalsbeek¹,

Frandsen²,

Steenberg³

1995

Exp Appl Acarol

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The objective of this study was to demonstrate the occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi on Ixodes ricinus ticks in relation to the tick stage, engorgement and season. Ticks were collected from the vegetation, from small rodents and from deer. All entomopathogenic fungi found belonged to the Hyphomycetes. Paecilomyces farinosus and Verticillium lecanii were the predominant species. Other species, found only on engorged females were: Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, P. fumosoroseus and V. aranearum. Eight out of 1833 ticks collected from the vegetation and three out of 269 engorged nymphs were infected with fungi. Thirty-three out of 149 engorged females were infected, whereas males and engorged larvae were not infected. Throughout the season, a significantly higher proportion of ticks collected in autumn were infected. Entomopathogenic fungi may have a significant impact on the size of the I. ricinus population, since females were the most frequently infected stage.

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“…Its sporangiophore pattern strongly resembles the umbellate habit of Mortierella umbellata (Chien, 1972), the sterile spine of Chaetocladium brefeldii van Tieghem & Le Monnier (Zycha et al, 1969), the columella shape of Actinomucor elegans (Eldam) Benjamin & Hesseltine (Indoh, 1962) and zygosporangial wall ornamentation of Mucor hiemalis Wehmer (Zycha et al, 1969). Evans and Samson (1977) indicated that the zygosporic state only occurred in old, collapsed specimens on the natural substrate and could not be induced from living culture (Samson et al, 1988). Zygospores were observed on both old collapsed specimens (Taian 01 and 02) on the natural substrate (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

First record of the occurrence of Sporodiniella urnbellata (Mucorales) in Taiwan

Chien

Hwang

1997

Mycoscience

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During an investigation of mucoraceous fungi indigenous to soil of old-growth forest in Taiwan, an entomogenous fungus identified as Sporodiniella umbellata was encountered. It has a sporangiophore with a conspicuous umbellate habit with sterile spines and sporangia, and was found growing on dead insect, Acraea issoria-formosana and Danaus plexippus. Description of the specimens and living cultures are provided, along with illustrations of taxonomically important structures. Artificial inoculation of S. umbellata on larvae of mealworm resulted in the radial growth of young sporangiophores emerged from the test larvae. During a general survey of the mucoraceous fungi of Taiwan, an entomogenous species was encountered on a common insect host, Acraea issoria-formosana (Nymphalidae) attached to a leaf of Miscanthus floridulus (Labill) Warb. ex Schum. & Laut. located in grass on a river bank.Sporodiniella umbellata is unique, bearing sporangiophores umbellately that branch dichotomously, one branchlet terminating in a sterile spine and the other in a single sporangium. We have focused on the sporangiophores of this fungus and paid special attention to the conspicuous umbellate habit with a sterile spine bearing a single sporangium, unlike all known species of Mucorales in their structure.The purpose of this paper is to compare the Taiwan collections (Taian 01 and 02, 1992; FML 01 and 02, 1993) with the original descriptions and with the living cultures derived from newly collected Shanshia specimens (FML 01 and 02), and to examine the host range extension for Sporodiniella umbellata.1) To whom correspondence should be addressed. Materials and MethodsTaian specimens (Taian 01 and 02, 1992) were collected on insect pupae of Acraea issoria-formosana (Nymphalidae). The pupae were attached to the midribs of the lower leaf surface of Miscanthus floridulus growing in grass along a river bank in Taian County, Miauli Prefecture. Shanshia specimens (FML 01 and 02,1993) were collected on insect larvae of Danaus plexippus on the lower leaf surface of Ficus septica Burm, on the roadside at Full-Moon Lake, Shanshia County, Taipei Prefecture. The collections and living cultures were examined following routine procedure, and whole mounts were made and stained with cotton blue. Living cultures (CH 01 and 02) were successfully obtained from Shanshia specimens (FML 01 and 02) on carrot agar (CA, carrot 200g, blended and boiled for 20 min, filtered through cheesecloth, agar 16g/L) at 20~ in darkness. Living mealworms (Tenebrio mofitor) were purchased from a pet shop and all tested worms were autoclaved before use. An artificial infestation of S. umbellata on larvae of mealworm on corn meal agar (CMA, corn grain 20g, soaked in hot water 45 min, filtered though cheesecloth and diluted with water to 1 L, agar 16 g) at 24~ was examined 72 h after inoculation. All photographs were taken with a light microscope (Leitz, Orthoplan) using Kodak FX 402 films.

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Taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

In vitro effect of pesticides on the germination, vegetative growth, and conidial production of two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae

In vitro effect of pesticides on the germination, vegetative growth, and conidial production of two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae

Entomopathogenic fungi associated with Ixodes ricinus ticks

First record of the occurrence of Sporodiniella urnbellata (Mucorales) in Taiwan

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