Taurine Intestinal Absorption and Renal Excretion Test in Diabetic Patients

Merheb, Marie; Daher, Rose T.; Nasrallah, Mona; Sabra, Ramzi; Ziyadeh, Fuad N.; Barada, Kassem

doi:10.2337/dc07-0872

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…It is known that TauT expression is adaptively upregulated by low extracellular taurine (Tappaz 2004;Han et al 2006;Uchida et al 1992) and taurine levels are indeed decreased in the group of diabetic patients, in agreement with most previous observations (De Luca et al 2001;Franconi et al 1995;Merheb et al 2007). Low plasma taurine in diabetes has been ascribed to reduced taurine reabsorption at renal or intestinal level due to the impairment of cell TauT expression (Merheb et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The mechanisms that underlie taurine deficiency in diabetes mellitus are, nevertheless, still unknown, even if it has been suggested that diabetes-specific taurine deficiency could be due, at least in part, to the impairment in net intestinal and/or renal taurine absorption (Merheb et al 2007), or to disruption of trans-membrane Na-dependent amino acid taurine transporter (TauT) (Stevens et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taurine deficiency has been observed in experimental and in clinical models of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, or in clinical situations of insulin resistance (De Luca et al 2001;Franconi et al 1995Franconi et al , 2006Merheb et al 2007) and has been associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic complications (Ha et al 1999;Vilchis and Salceda 1996). Next, taurine administration seems to prevent several alterations induced by hyperglycaemia 'in vitro' (Franconi et al 2006;Schaffer et al 2009;Verzola et al 2002;Wu et al 1999) and by diabetes in animal models (Franconi et al 2003(Franconi et al , 2006 or in humans Xiao et al 2008;Schaffer et al 2009;Ito et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taurine transporter gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of type 2 diabetic patients

et al. 2011

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Taurine acts as antioxidant, cell osmolyte, modulator of glucose metabolism, and plays a role in the retinal function. It is 10(3)-fold more concentrated in the intracellular than in the extracellular milieu due to a specific taurine-Na-dependent transporter (TauT), which is upregulated by hypertonicity, low extracellular taurine, or oxidative stress and acutely downregulated 'in vitro' by high glucose concentrations. Aim of this study was to investigate whether TauT expression was modified in mononuclear peripheral blood cells (MPC) of type 2 diabetic patients with or without micro/macrovascular complications. Plasma taurine, as well as other sulphur-containing aminoacids (assayed by HPLC) and TauT gene expression (assayed by real-time PCR analysis) were measured in MPC of 45 controls and of 81 age-and-sex matched type 2 diabetic patients with or without micro/macrovascular complications. Median value (interquartile range) of plasma taurine was significantly lower in diabetic patients than in controls [28.7 (13.7) μmol/l vs. 46.5 (20.3) μmol/l; P<0.05], while median TauT expression, in arbitrary units, was significantly higher in diabetics than in controls [3.8 (3.9) vs. 1 (1.3); P<0.05) and was related to HbA1c only in controls (r=0.34; P<0.05). Patients with retinopathy (n=25) had lower TauT expression than those who were unaffected [3.1 (2.8) vs. 4.1 (3.4); P<0.05], while persistent micro/macroalbuminuria was associated with unchanged TauT expression. A trend toward reduction in TauT expression was observed in patients with macroangiopathy [n=27; 3.3 (2.5) vs. 4 [3.7]; P=NS]. In conclusion, TauT gene is overexpressed in MPC of type 2 diabetic patients, while presence of retinopathy is specifically associated with a drop in TauT overexpression, suggesting its possible involvement in this microangiopathic lesion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taurine transporter gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of type 2 diabetic patients

et al. 2011

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“…Which can be considered as an early sign of diabetic retinopathy and the immediate induction of its treatment. These is consistence with other observation published in 2007 proved that plasma taurine in T2DM patients markedly lower than that recorded in healthy non-diabetic subject [34]. The taurine act as a hypoglycemic drug against both insulin depended and non-insulin depended diabetes mellitus [35,36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Serum Taurine Level in Relation to Ophthalmoscopic Examination as Early Marker for Diabetic Retinopathy

Saad¹,

Mahfouz²,

Hamdy³

2017

Clin Med Biochemistry

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Aim: Investigate the possibility of using serum taurine level in addition to ophthalmoscopic examination as early marker for diagnosis diabetic retinopathy.Patients and methods: eighty diabetic patients presented with blurring in vision were chosen from the National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology after their approval. Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled as frank control. According to the image of ophthalmoscopic examination, patients were classified into four grades (mild, moderate, sever non-proliferative and proliferative) of retinopathy. Complete clinical examination, investigation and biochemical analysis, measuring FBG, HbA1c, VEGF and taurine were measured for all included subjects.Results: Non-significance change in LDL and triglycerides for all stages with respect to control group. HDL and cholesterol showed significant with frank group. Albumin and creatinine for some stages of retinopathy showed nonsignificance changes with respect to control group. Urea recorded significant in all grades when comparing with control group, all included patients showed either micro or macroalbuminurea. AST and ALT showed highly significant in late stage comparing with frank group. Serum VEGF significant for all stages with frank group. Highly significant elevation in FBG and serum HbA1c was found parallel to the severity of disease. Compared to healthy group, a highly significant decrease in the level of serum taurine was recorded in all patients. Such decrease was correlated the grading of retinopathy ranting from mild non-proliferative to proliferative. Conclusion:We advise measuring serum taurine level and ophthalmoscopic examination regularly for all persons with diabetes as a pre early marker for diabetic retinopathy.

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“…Taurine uptake across the brush-border membrane of the small intestine is mediated via TauT and H + / amino acid transporter 1 (Anderson et al 2009 ). Recent studies have found that the transport of taurine may be upregulated by infl ammation (Mochizuki et al 2004 ) and decreased by type 2 diabetes (Merheb et al 2007 ). In the blood stream taurine is distributed to tissues and cells where it is taken up by TauT and H + /amino acid transporter 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%