Targeting the Bacterial Protective Armour; Challenges and Novel Strategies in the Treatment of Microbial Biofilm

Kamaruzzaman, Nor Fadhilah; Tan, Li; Yazid, Khairun Anisa Mat; Saeed, Shamsaldeen Ibrahim; Hamdan, Ruhil Hayati; Choong, Siew Shean; Kin, Wong Weng; Chivu, Alexandru; Gibson, Amanda J.

doi:10.3390/ma11091705

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 181 publications

(160 reference statements)

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“…The ability of S. aureus to acquire antimicrobial resistance genes and to produce biofilms makes infections increasingly hard to treat (30). Some molecules that act on S. aureus virulence have been described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Glatthardt

Campos

Chamon

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The microbiota influences host health through several mechanisms, including protecting it from pathogen colonization. Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most frequently found species in the skin microbiota, and its presence can limit the development of pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus. S. aureus causes diverse types of infections ranging from skin abscesses to bloodstream infections. Given the increasing prevalence of S. aureus drug-resistant strains, it is imperative to search for new strategies for treatment and prevention. Thus, we investigated the activity of molecules produced by a commensal S. epidermidis isolate against S. aureus biofilms. We showed that molecules present in S. epidermidis cell-free conditioned media (CFCM) caused a significant reduction in biofilm formation in most S. aureus clinical isolates, including all 4 agr types and agr-defective strains, without any impact on growth. S. epidermidis molecules also disrupted established S. aureus biofilms and reduced the antibiotic concentration required to eliminate them. Preliminary characterization of the active compound showed that its activity is resistant to heat, protease inhibitors, trypsin, proteinase K, and sodium periodate treatments, suggesting that it is not proteinaceous. RNA sequencing revealed that S. epidermidis-secreted molecules modulate the expression of hundreds of S. aureus genes, some of which are associated with biofilm production. Biofilm formation is one of the main virulence factors of S. aureus and has been associated with chronic infections and antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, molecules that can counteract this virulence factor may be promising alternatives as novel therapeutic agents to control S. aureus infections. IMPORTANCE S. aureus is a leading agent of infections worldwide, and its main virulence characteristic is the ability to produce biofilms on surfaces such as medical devices. Biofilms are known to confer increased resistance to antimicrobials and to the host immune responses, requiring aggressive antibiotic treatment and removal of the infected surface. Here, we investigated a new source of antibiofilm compounds, the skin microbiome. Specifically, we found that a commensal strain of S. epidermidis produces molecules with antibiofilm activity, leading to a significant decrease of S. aureus biofilm formation and to a reduction of previously established biofilms. The molecules potentiated the activity of antibiotics and affected the expression of hundreds of S. aureus genes, including those associated with biofilm formation. Our research highlights the search for compounds that can aid us in the fight against S. aureus infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Glatthardt

Campos

Chamon

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The aim of this study was to estimate the antimicrobial qualities of magnetron sputter‐synthesized nanocomposite TiO 2 :Cu:Ag thin films using classic microbiologic methods, enzyme activity inhibition methods, and modern ATP assay on P. putida . This natural isolate was recently reported as a causative agent for nosocomial infections .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Antibacterial effect of TiO₂:Cu:Ag thin coatings on Pseudomonas strain measured by microbiological and ATP assays

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial properties of nanocomposite thin TiO2:Cu:Ag films on Pseudomonas putida as a natural isolate and an opportunistic pathogen. Several different methods were used to compare the antibacterial effect of thin TiO2:Cu:Ag layers obtained by radiofrequency magnetron sputter deposition against P. putida: optical density of the bacterial suspension, most probable number of survived cells, dehydrogenase activity inhibition, scanning electron microscopy images, atomic flame absorption spectroscopy, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) luminescent assay. Optical density measurements and most probable plate count were in agreement and showed a strong bactericidal effect of the as‐deposited and only bacteriostatic effect of the annealed coatings with the same metal content on tested bacteria. As the metal quantity in the medium rises during the first hour of the experiment, it could be suggested that this is the main reason for cell death. ATP‐luminescent assay showed up to 18‐fold reduction of the signal. It was compared with other microbiological and biochemical assays to prove the strong antibacterial effect of nanocomposite thin TiO2:Cu:Ag coatings with the possibilities of medical applications. Protection of medical devices against infections is a significant current challenge raised by an increasing number of medical devices‐associated infections and microbial resistance to conventional antibiotic and multidrug treatments. Deposition of antimicrobial coatings is one of the current approaches to mitigate the problem.

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“…Бактерии, циркулирующие во внутрибольничной среде, такие как P. aeru gi no sa, A. bau man nii, K. pneumoniae и другие, отличаются повышенной способностью к формированию биопленок, которая стимулируется неадекватной антибиотикотерапией и использованием дезинфектантов [8][9][10]. Повышенная антибиотикорезистентность госпитальных штаммов, способных формировать пленчатые структуры, значительно затрудняет лечение и может приводить к серьезным последствиям для пациентов [11][12][13]. Из представленного материала становится очевидным, что территориями наиболее высокого риска возникновения инфекционных осложнений в стационарах становятся отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии, где из-за наличия наиболее тяжелых, иммунокомпрометированных пациентов подобные процессы адаптации микробных сообществ проявляются наиболее активно.…”

Section: обсуждение полученных данныхunclassified

Ability to biofilm formation in infectious agents isolated from patients of a large general children’s hospital

Савилов

Маркова

Nemchenko

et al. 2020

Tihookeanskij medicinskij žurnal

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Objective: The study objective is to analyze biofilm formation in microorganisms isolated from patients of children’s hospital with severe purulent septic diseases.Methods: The ability to biofilm formation was studied in microorganisms isolated from 32 patients aged from 1 to 15 y.o. with sepsis, acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, peritonitis, and pneumonia in intensive care unit of regional general children’s hospital. Blood, phlegm, bronchial and oropharyngeal washings, wound fluid, peritoneal fluid served as specimens.Results: All tested strains have the ability to biofilm formation; moreover, the majority of them formed moderate biofilms.Conclusion: The common spread of biofilm infections can be related to the most important factors of preservation and distribution of microorganisms in health facilities which significantly limit preventive and therapeutic measures.

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Targeting the Bacterial Protective Armour; Challenges and Novel Strategies in the Treatment of Microbial Biofilm

Cited by 37 publications

References 181 publications

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial effect of TiO₂:Cu:Ag thin coatings on Pseudomonas strain measured by microbiological and ATP assays

Ability to biofilm formation in infectious agents isolated from patients of a large general children’s hospital

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Targeting the Bacterial Protective Armour; Challenges and Novel Strategies in the Treatment of Microbial Biofilm

Cited by 37 publications

References 181 publications

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Small Molecules Produced by Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Disrupt Formation of Biofilms by Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial effect of TiO2:Cu:Ag thin coatings on Pseudomonas strain measured by microbiological and ATP assays

Ability to biofilm formation in infectious agents isolated from patients of a large general children’s hospital

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Product

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Antibacterial effect of TiO₂:Cu:Ag thin coatings on Pseudomonas strain measured by microbiological and ATP assays