Targeting Cytokines, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Sepsis via Blood Purification

Moriyama, Kazuhiro; Nishida, Osamu

doi:10.3390/ijms22168882

Cited by 77 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 140 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to PAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released by injured tissue ( Moriyama and Nishida, 2021 ) can also activate inflammasomes. Multiple DAMPs are identified example are histones, DNA, ATP, reactive oxygen radicals (ROS), heat-shock proteins, and uric acid crystals ( Abderrazak et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammasome Contribution to the Activation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Immune Responses

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammasomes are cytosolic polyprotein complexes formed in response to various external and internal stimuli, including viral and bacterial antigens. The main product of the inflammasome is active caspase 1 which proteolytically cleaves, releasing functional interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). These cytokines play a central role in shaping immune response to pathogens. In this review, we will focus on the mechanisms of inflammasome activation, as well as their role in development of Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes. The contribution of cytokines IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33, products of activated inflammasomes, are summarized. Additionally, the role of cytokines released from tissue cells in promoting differentiation of lymphocyte populations is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammasome Contribution to the Activation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Immune Responses

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During an inflammatory response, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β are elevated, whereas the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β are reduced. 2,[18][19][20][21][22] This elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokines is also notable in sepsis patients. 18 Therefore, an effective strategy to combat sepsis involves the inhibition or reduction of bacterial LPS or inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoid CDDO-IM protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in macrophages: The involvement of the NF-κB signaling pathway

Ahmed

Amin

Sun

et al. 2022

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, can trigger septic shock, a severe form of inflammation-mediated sepsis with a very high mortality rate. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this endotoxin remain to be defined and detoxification of LPS is yet to be established. Macrophages, a type of immune cells, initiate a key response responsible for the cascade of events leading to the surge in inflammatory cytokines and immunopathology of septic shock. This study was undertaken to determine whether the LPS-induced inflammation in macrophage cells could be ameliorated via CDDO-IM (2-cyano-3,12 dioxooleana-1,9 dien-28-oyl imidazoline), a novel triterpenoid compound. Data from this study show that gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokine genes such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were considerably increased by treatment with LPS in macrophages differentiated from ML-1 monocytes. Interestingly, LPS-induced increase in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels is reduced by CDDO-IM. In addition, endogenous upregulation of a series of antioxidant molecules by CDDO-IM provided protection against LPS-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages. LPS-mediated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) transcriptional activity was also noted to decrease upon treatment with CDDO-IM in macrophages suggesting the involvement of the NF-κB signaling. This study would contribute to improve our understanding of the detoxification of endotoxin LPS by the triterpenoid CDDO-IM.

show abstract

“…When key homeostatic organs (e.g., kidneys, liver, and immune system) malfunction, toxic solutes accumulate [ 18 ]. This provides the rationale for blood purification therapy.…”

Section: The Logic Behind Hemoperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemoperfusion: technical aspects and state of the art

Ronco

Bellomo

2022

Crit Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Blood purification through the removal of plasma solutes by adsorption to beads of charcoal or resins contained in a cartridge (hemoperfusion) has a long and imperfect history. Developments in production and coating technology, however, have recently increased the biocompatibility of sorbents and have spurred renewed interest in hemoperfusion. Methods We performed a narrative assessment of the literature with focus on the technology, characteristics, and principles of hemoperfusion. We assessed publications in ex vivo, animal, and human studies. We synthesized such literature in a technical and state-of-the-art summary. Results Early hemoperfusion studies were hampered by bioincompatibility. Recent technology, however, has improved its safety. Hemoperfusion has been used with positive effects in chronic dialysis and chronic liver disease. It has also demonstrated extraction of a variety of toxins and drugs during episodes of overdose. Trials with endotoxin binding polymyxin B have shown mixed results in septic shock and are under active investigation. The role of non-selective hemoperfusion in sepsis or inflammation remains. Although new technologies have made sorbents more biocompatible, the research agenda in the field remains vast. Conclusion New sorbents markedly differ from those used in the past because of greater biocompatibility and safety. Initial studies of novel sorbent-based hemoperfusion show some promise in specific chronic conditions and some acute states. Systematic studies of novel sorbent-based hemoperfusion are now both necessary and justified.

show abstract

Targeting Cytokines, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Sepsis via Blood Purification

Cited by 77 publications

References 140 publications

Inflammasome Contribution to the Activation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Immune Responses

Inflammasome Contribution to the Activation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 Immune Responses

Triterpenoid CDDO-IM protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in macrophages: The involvement of the NF-κB signaling pathway

Hemoperfusion: technical aspects and state of the art

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About