T cell-mediated immunity to malaria

Kurup, Samarchith P.; Butler, Noah S.; Harty, John T.

doi:10.1038/s41577-019-0158-z

Cited by 187 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…Then, T cell response was studied in the P. yoelii-infected WT and γδT KO mice. T cell-mediated immunity is the key for the host to defense malaria infection [33]. Parasite-speci c CD8+ T cells participate in the process of malaria-associated ALI and ARDS by promoting pulmonary vascular leakage and pulmonary edema [7,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of γδT Cells in Lung of Plasmodium yoelii-infected C57BL/6 Mice

Wei

Jin

Peng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundMalaria has high morbidity and mortality rates in most parts of tropical and subtropical countries. The lung not only works as a respiratory organ but also as an immune organ. γδT cells have multiple functions, producing cytokines and chemokines, regulating the immune response by interacting with other cells. It remains unclear about the role of γδT cells in the lung of the mice infected by malaria. MethodsFlow cytometry (FCM) was used to evaluate the changes of γδT cells and the effects of γδT cells on the phenotype and function of B and T cells in Plasmodium yoelii-infected wild-type (WT) or γδTCR knockout (γδT KO) mice. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the lungs.ResultsThe percentage and absolute number of γδT cells in the lung increased after Plasmodium infection (p < 0.05). The expressions of CD80, CD11b, and PD-1 in the γδT cells increased post-infection (p < 0.05), while the expressions of CD34, CD62L, and CD127 decreased (p < 0.05). γδT cells expressed more IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-21, IL-1α, and IL-17 (p < 0.05), but less IFN-γ (p < 0.05) post-infection. The pathological changes in the lungs of the infected γδT KO mice were not obvious compared with the infected WT mice. The proportion of CD3+ cells, absolute numbers of CD3+ cells, CD3+ CD4+ cells, CD3+ CD8+ cells decreased in γδT KO infected mice (p < 0.05). γδT KO did not make a significant difference in the surface molecular expression of T cells (p > 0.05). While, the percentage of IFN-γ-expressing CD3+ and CD3+ CD8+ cells increased in γδT KO infected mice (p < 0.05). The absolute number of B cells was not affected by γδT KO. The B cells from infected γδT KO mice expressed more ICOS (p < 0.05), but less CD80 (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe content, phenotype, and function of γδT cells in the lung of C57BL/6 mice were changed after Plasmodium infection. γδT cells play a certain role in the process of regulating the immune response of T and B cells in the lung of Plasmodium-infected mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of γδT Cells in Lung of Plasmodium yoelii-infected C57BL/6 Mice

Wei

Jin

Peng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Several points regarding RTS,S have raised concern, such as high parasitaemia levels in individuals considered "protected" (> 5000 parasites/µl or 0.1% parasitaemia) [77,78,80] and the selected CSP region's high genetic variability [85][86][87][88]. A not fully-defined adjuvant system has been used, mainly consisting of QS-21 (a saponin inducing cell activation through poorly understood mechanisms) [89][90][91], some RTS,S components have induced proapoptotic signals [92,93] and it has had short-term efficacy [75,78].…”

Section: Rtssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stage vaccine development

Molina-Franky

Cuy-Chaparro

Camargo

et al. 2020

Malar J

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Worldwide strategies between 2010 and 2017 aimed at controlling malarial parasites (mainly Plasmodium falciparum) led to a reduction of just 18% regarding disease incidence rates. Many biologically-derived anti-malarial vaccine candidates have been developed to date; this has involved using many experimental animals, an immense amount of work and the investment of millions of dollars. This review provides an overview of the current state and the main results of clinical trials for sporozoite-targeting vaccines (i.e. the parasite stage infecting the liver) carried out by research groups in areas having variable malaria transmission rates. However, none has led to promising results regarding the effective control of the disease, thereby making it necessary to complement such efforts at finding/introducing new vaccine candidates by adopting a multi-epitope, multi-stage approach, based on minimal subunits of the main sporozoite proteins involved in the invasion of the liver.

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“…Liver-induced immune tolerance was considered as a major reason for viral persistence during chronic hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) infection (5,7). Nonetheless, the liver was also shown as fully competent in mounting robust T cell responses particularly in acute infections (84). This is not a paradox but rather reflecting the complex outcomes of a T cell response in the liver.…”

Section: Intravital Imaging Unravels the Mysteries Of Intrahepatic Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live Imaging of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Liver

Zeng

2020

Front. Immunol.

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Immune response in the liver is determined by the spatial organization and cellular dynamics of hepatic immune cells. The liver vasculature accommodates abundant tissue-resident innate immune cells, such as Kupffer cells, natural killer cells, and natural killer T cells, to ensure efficient intravascular immunosurveillance. The fenestrated sinusoids also allow direct contact between circulating T cells and non-canonical antigen-presenting cells, such as hepatocytes, to instruct adaptive immune responses. Distinct cellular behaviors are exploited by liver immune cells to exert proper functions. Intravital imaging enables real-time visualization of individual immune cell in living animals, representing a powerful tool in dissecting the spatiotemporal features of intrahepatic immune cells during steady state and liver diseases. This review summarizes current advances in liver immunology prompted by in vivo imaging, with a particular focus on liver-resident innate immune cells and hepatic T cells.

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T cell-mediated immunity to malaria

Cited by 187 publications

References 251 publications

Characterization of γδT Cells in Lung of Plasmodium yoelii-infected C57BL/6 Mice

Characterization of γδT Cells in Lung of Plasmodium yoelii-infected C57BL/6 Mice

Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stage vaccine development

Live Imaging of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in the Liver

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