Systems biology of aging in four species

Zahn, Jacob M.; Kim, Stuart K.

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2007.07.004

Cited by 51 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Studies in different tissues have been compared to find specific and common regulators of ageing. Ageing DNA microarray studies have been reviewed extensively [65,66], but two studies will be highlighted here because they have led to a new type of analysis known as genomic convergence.…”

Section: Transcriptional Studies Of Human Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and genomics of human ageing

Wheeler

Kim

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Ageing in humans is typified by the decline of physiological functions in various organs and tissues leading to an increased probability of death. Some individuals delay, escape or survive much of this age-related decline and live past age 100. Studies comparing centenarians to average-aged individuals have found polymorphisms in genes that are associated with long life, including APOE and FOXOA3, which have been replicated many times. However, the associations found in humans account for small percentages of the variance in lifespan and many other gene associations have not been replicated in additional populations. Therefore, ageing is probably a highly polygenic trait. In humans, it is important to also consider differences in age-related decline that occur within and among tissues. Longitudinal data of age-related traits can be used in association studies to test for polymorphisms that predict how an individual will change over time. Transcriptional and genetic association studies of different tissues have revealed common and unique pathways involved in human ageing. Genomic convergence is a method that combines multiple types of functional genomic information such as transcriptional profiling, expression quantitative trait mapping and gene association. The genomic convergence approach has been used to implicate the gene MMP20 in human kidney ageing. New human genetics technologies are continually in development and may lead to additional breakthroughs in human ageing in the near future.

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Section: Transcriptional Studies Of Human Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics and genomics of human ageing

Wheeler

Kim

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…fruit flies or worms) of different evolutionary characteristics and ageing rates have recently contributed considerably to our understanding of human ageing [2,3] . Evolutionary early marine and freshwater bivalves are ectothermal models of low complexity, and useful for understanding cellular functioning under diverse and sometimes extreme environmental conditions [4,5] .…”

Section: Bivalves As Model Organisms For Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Novel technologies do not only allow the introduction of whole-genome transcriptional profiles of non-model organisms into the field of ageing. They moreover provide the basis to screen genomes for pathways of DNA and tissue repair, defense mechanisms against pathogens, and diseases and ageing-associated genes and pathways instead of focusing only on specific pathways [1,3] . Such a comparative approach has the potential to clarify whether genes and pathways associated with ageing are 'public' and present in the majority of organisms, or 'private', meaning restricted to single species with special capacities, as for example extremely long-lived bivalves.…”

Section: Bivalve Genomics -The Best Has Yet To Comementioning

confidence: 99%

Masters of Longevity: Lessons from Long-Lived Bivalves – A Mini-Review

2009

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The individual ages of bivalve molluscs can be inferred from the age rings laid down every year in the shell, especially in species inhabiting areas with seasonal variability in environmental factors such as food supply and temperature. Animals obtained from different environmental settings can therefore be used to investigate how specific environmental factors shape the process of ageing in this animal class. Some bivalves have extraordinary long life spans. Species like the ocean quahog Arctica islandica and the freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera live for over hundreds of years. Few studies so far have attempted to study the process of ageing, either specifically in long-lived bivalves or generally in very long-lived species. This review summarizes the current knowledge of cellular ageing in bivalves with a focus on the antioxidant system, as well as tissue repair and metabolic capacities of extremely long-lived species. We discuss the applicability of these animals as models for different ageing theories. We recommend a focus of future research on the molecular mechanisms potentially involved in supporting longevity in these species, including evolutionary old cellular mechanisms such as autophagy and apoptosis, as well as diverse cellular repair pathways.

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“…There has been significant speculation, activity and demonstration concerning the potential of systems biology to dramatically change the drug discovery and development process [6,52,53] and understand the tenets of host-pathogen interactions [54], toxicology [55] and ageing [56]. Indeed, there has been exploration into the extension of a systems level analysis to connect the social and biomedical sciences.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%