Systemic immune inflammation index and system inflammation response index are potential biomarkers of atrial fibrillation among the patients presenting with ischemic stroke

Abstract

Background Chronic inflammatory disorders in atrial fibrillation (AF) contribute to the onset of ischemic stroke. Systemic immune inflammation index (SIII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are the two novel and convenient measurements that are positively associated with body inflammation. However, little is known regarding the association between SIII/SIRI with the presence of AF among the patients with ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 526 ischemic stroke patients (173 with AF and 353 without AF) were consecutively enrolled in our study from January 2017 to June 2019. SIII and SIRI were measured in both groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the potential association between SIII/SIRI and the presence of AF. Finally, the correlation between hospitalization expenses, changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and SIII/SIRI values were measured. Results In patients with ischemic stroke, SIII and SIRI values were significantly higher in AF patients than in non-AF patients (all p < 0.001). Moreover, with increasing quartiles of SIII and SIRI in all patients, the proportion of patients with AF was higher than that of non-AF patients gradually. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that log-transformed SIII and log-transformed SIRI were independently associated with the presence of AF in patients with ischemic stroke (log-transformed SIII: odds ratio [OR]: 1.047, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.322–1.105, p = 0.047; log-transformed SIRI: OR: 6.197, 95% CI = 2.196–17.484, p = 0.001). Finally, a positive correlation between hospitalization expenses, changes in the NIHSS scores and SIII/SIRI were found, which were more significant in patients with AF (all p < 0.05). Conclusions Our study suggests SIII and SIRI are convenient and effective measurements for predicting the presence of AF in patients with ischemic stroke. Moreover, they were correlated with increased financial burden and poor short-term prognosis in AF patients presenting with ischemic stroke.

Investigation of the Associations of Novel Inflammatory Biomarkers—Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI)—With the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome Occurrence

“…SIRI comprises the absolute number of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes [ 40 ]. In a 10-year observation, SIRI was found to have an association with CVD occurrence [ 41 ] and an increased risk of supraventricular tachycardia in patients with a history of stroke [ 42 ]. In patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) due to ACS, SIRI was an independent predictor of MACE [ 29 , 43 ].…”

The Association between Serum Vitamin D Concentration and New Inflammatory Biomarkers—Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRI)—In Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease

“…New biomarkers using three cell lines, the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), and the systemic inflammatory reaction index (SII) were previously evaluated in the determination of the outcome of neoplastic diseases [ 19 , 20 ]. In cardiology, high SIRI was correlated with an increased risk of ACS in patients with chest pain [ 21 ], supraventricular tachycardia in patients with stroke [ 22 ], and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients after ACS treated with percutaneous intervention (PCI) [ 23 ]. SII was associated with an increased risk of MACE in patients with heart failure [ 24 ], after cardiosurgery [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], and after PCI [ 23 , 29 ].…”

The association between systemic inflammatory response index and new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention

“…Several inflammatory indexes, such as, C-reactive protein, NLR, interleukins, have been demonstrated to be predictive of short- or long-term prognosis in patients with STEMI [ 24 – 28 ]. Recent studies had demonstrated the positive relationship between SIRI and prognosis information in different subject cohorts [ 14 – 16 , 18 , 29 ]. For instance, Xu et al conducted a multi-center retrospective analysis of 1,499 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and determined that SIRI is significantly related to the disease activity of RA, even can predict the tumor development of RA individuals [ 29 ].…”

“…Han et al analyzed 1,724 patients exhibiting acute coronary syndrome over a median follow-up of 927 days, and displayed SIRI to be independently predictive of major adverse cardiovascular events [ 16 ]. Another recent retrospective study recruited 526 individuals diagnosed as ischemic stroke proposed that SIRI is an independent predictor of AF [ 18 ]. However, the association between SIRI and NOAF in STEMI patients after PCI remains unexplored.…”

“…Recently, the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), deprived from three peripheral blood inflammatory cells, namely, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, has been used to predict prognosis in both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases [14][15][16][17]. Besides that, a recent investigation shown that SIRI is positively associated with the occurrence of AF among the stroke patients [18]. However, whether SIRI is an independent risk factor of NOAF in STEMI patients remains unknown.…”