Systematics and biogeography of Spinoctenus, a new genus of wandering spider from Colombia (Ctenidae)

Hazzi, Nicolas A.; Polotow, Daniele; Brescovit, Antonio D.; Obando, Ranulfo González; Simó, Miguel

doi:10.1071/is17022

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, we sequenced a specimen of Phoneutria fera Perty, 1833 collected in the Amazon of Ecuador and added two more sequences of the same species from GenBank (HM575999 and KY017637). As an outgroup, we sequenced one specimen of Spinoctenus escalerete Hazzi et al, 2018, Ctenus datus Strand, 1909, C. aff. amphora Mello-Leitão, 1930and Kiekie curvipes (Keyserling, 1881.…”

Section: Dna-based Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae)

Hazzi

Hormiga

2021

ZKHas erratum 2021-4-22

Self Cite

1,964

View full text Add to dashboard

The species of the genus Phoneutria (Ctenidae), also called banana spiders, are considered amongst the most venomous spiders in the world. In this study we revalidate P. depilata (Strand, 1909), which had been synonymized with P. boliviensisis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897), using morphological and nucleotide sequence data (COI and ITS-2) together with species delimitation methods. We synonymized Ctenus peregrinoides, Strand, 1910 and Phoneutria colombiana Schmidt, 1956 with P. depilata. Furthermore, we designated Ctenus signativenter Strand, 1910 as a nomen dubium because the exact identity of this species cannot be ascertained with immature specimens, but we note that the type locality suggests that the C. signativenter syntypes belong to P. depilata. We also provide species distribution models for both species of Phoneutria and test hypotheses of niche conservatism under an allopatric speciation model. Our phylogenetic analyses support the monophyly of the genus Phoneutria and recover P. boliviensis and P. depilata as sister species, although with low nodal support. In addition, the tree-based species delimitation methods also supported the separate identities of these two species. Phoneutria boliviensis and P. depilata present allopatric distributions separated by the Andean mountain system. Species distribution models indicate lowland tropical rain forest ecosystems as the most suitable habitat for these two Phoneutria species. In addition, we demonstrate the value of citizen science platforms like iNaturalist in improving species distribution knowledge based on occurrence records. Phoneutria depilata and P. boliviensis present niche conservatism following the expected neutral model of allopatric speciation. The compiled occurrence records and distribution maps for these two species, together with the morphological diagnosis of both species, will help to identify risk areas of accidental bites and assist health professionals to determine the identity of the species involved in bites, especially for P. depilata.

show abstract

Section: Dna-based Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae)

Hazzi

Hormiga

2021

ZKHas erratum 2021-4-22

Self Cite

1,964

View full text Add to dashboard

show abstract

“…es el primer registro del género para Centroamérica, Costa Rica y la Isla del Coco, es la especie número 12 de este género en describirse. En la descripción se sigue a Hazzi, Polotow, Brescovit, González-Obando & Simó (2018).…”

Section: Familia Ctenidae Keyserling1877unclassified

Aracnofauna (Arachnida) de la Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, con la descripción de tres nuevas especies

Víquez¹

2020

RBT

View full text Add to dashboard

Introducción: Los arácnidos de la isla del Coco representan 50 especies, ubicadas en seis órdenes y 26 familias. El trabajo de actualización del conocimiento de la fauna de este grupo de animales en la isla inició no sistemáticamente hace más de 127 años, donde un escorpión se convirtió en el primer espécimen citado del grupo. Objetivo: Actualizar la lista de especies de arácnidos para la Isla del Coco, aportando nueva información sobre taxones poco conocidos y describiendo nuevas especies. Métodos: Durante dos expediciones, llevadas a cabo del 11 al 22 de abril 2013 y del 8 al 18 julio 2017, se recolectaron arácnidos con métodos manuales y trampas, se preservaron en etanol y se realizaron las identificaciones en laboratorio. Los rangos de distribución están basados en el catálogo de arañas del mundo, las identificaciones realizadas, se respaldan en la literatura específica citada para cada caso y las sugerencias biogeográficas presentadas de los grupos o especies tratadas, surgen del análisis de los patrones de distribución general que presenta el género o grupo citado. Resultados: Los hallazgos principales incluyen la adición de nuevos registros de especies para la isla, un orden, 11 familias y 29 especies, de las cuales tres son nuevas para la ciencia. Conclusiones: Es necesario continuar con el inventario de la aracnofauna de la isla, principalmente en los sectores que no han podido ser previamente muestreados. A nivel biogeográfico la fauna de arañas que habita la isla está mayormente relacionadas con Centroamérica, mientras que las especies de hábitos cosmopolitas posiblemente sean de reciente introducción.

show abstract

“…Their large size and predominant abundance in most tropical forests suggest that ctenids play an important role in tropical ecosystems as top generalist predators of invertebrates and small vertebrates (Gasnier and Hofer, 2001; Menin et al., 2005; Mestre and Gasnier, 2008; Torres‐Sanchez and Gasnier, 2010; Hazzi, 2014; Folt and Lapinski, 2017), thus, ctenids are promising models for ecology and conservation studies (Hazzi et al., 2020; Lapinski and Tschapka, 2013, 2014). Furthermore, most species of Ctenidae are narrowly distributed geographically, coinciding with well‐known biogeographic regions, making this family a good candidate to test biogeographic hypotheses of diversification in the tropics (Hazzi et al., 2018; Hazzi and Silva, 2012). The highly venomous species of the genus Phoneutria Perty, 1833 are some of the best‐known representatives of this family, commonly referred to as “banana spiders” because they often inhabit this crop (Simó and Brescovit, 2001; Martins and Bertani, 2007; Hazzi, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Habitus of Ctenidae species of the subfamily Cteninae. (a) Centroctenus varzea Brescovit et al., 2020, female from Iquitos, Peru; (b) Phoneutria fera Perty, 1833, female from Yasuní National Park, Ecuador; (c) Ctenus datus Strand, 1909, female from Gamboa, Panama; (d) Centroctenus alinahui Brescovit et al., 2020, female from Putumayo, Colombia; (e) Spinoctenus flammigerus Hazzi et al., 2018, female from Barbacoas, Colombia; (f) Kiekie griswoldi Polotow & Brescovit, 2018, female from Las Alturas Station, Costa Rica. Photos: N. Hazzi (a, c, d, e, f); G. Hormiga (b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphological phylogenies (Silva, 2003; Polotow and Brescovit, 2014; Hazzi et al., 2018) support five main lineages of Ctenidae corresponding to subfamilial groups: Acantheinae Simon, 1897; Acanthocteninae Simon, 1897; Calocteninae Simon, 1897; Cteninae Simon, 1897; and Viridasiinae Lehtinen, 1967. The most recent molecular phylogenies suggest that the family Ctenidae is not monophyletic (Polotow et al., 2015; Wheeler et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular phylogeny of the tropical wandering spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) and the evolution of eye conformation in the RTA clade

Hazzi

Hormiga

2022

Cladistics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard

Tropical wandering spiders (Ctenidae) are a diverse group of cursorial predators with its greatest species richness in the tropics. Traditionally, Ctenidae are diagnosed based on the presence of eight eyes arranged in three rows (a 2-4-2 pattern). We present a molecular phylogeny of Ctenidae, including for the first time representatives of all of its subfamilies. The molecular phylogeny was inferred using five nuclear (histone H3, 28S, 18S, Actin and ITS-2) and four mitochondrial (NADH, COI, 12S and 16S) markers. The final matrix includes 259 terminals, 103 of which belong to Ctenidae and represent 28 of the current 49 described genera. We estimated divergence times by including fossils as calibration points and biogeographic events, and used the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained to reconstruct the evolution of the eye conformation in the retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) clade. Ctenidae and its main lineages originated during the Paleocene-Eocene and have diversified in the tropics since then. However, in some analyses Ctenidae was recovered as polyphyletic as the genus Ancylometes Bertkau, 1880 was placed as sister to Oxyopidae. Except for Acantheinae, in which the type genus Acantheis Thorell, 1891 is placed inside Cteninae, the four recognized subfamilies of Ctenidae are monophyletic in most analyses. The ancestral reconstruction of the ocular conformation in the retrolateral tibial apophysis clade suggests that the ocular pattern of Ctenidae has evolved convergently seven times and that it has originated from ocular conformations of two rows of four eyes (4-4) and the ocular pattern of lycosids (4-2-2). We also synonymize the monotypic genus Parabatinga Polotov & Brescovit, 2009 with Centroctenus Mello-Leitão, 1929. We discuss some of the putative morphological synapomorphies of the main ctenid lineages within the phylogenetic framework offered by the molecular phylogenetic results of the study.

show abstract

Systematics and biogeography of Spinoctenus, a new genus of wandering spider from Colombia (Ctenidae)

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae)

Morphological and molecular evidence support the taxonomic separation of the medically important Neotropical spiders Phoneutria depilata (Strand, 1909) and P. boliviensis (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) (Araneae, Ctenidae)

Aracnofauna (Arachnida) de la Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, con la descripción de tres nuevas especies

Molecular phylogeny of the tropical wandering spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) and the evolution of eye conformation in the RTA clade

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About